Yahoo News 21 May 08;
Brazil is preparing a controversial plan to develop parts of the Amazon and shed the idea of the area being a "sanctuary", even as warnings mount over the threat of deforestation to the vast and important zone.
Two ministers offered contrasting evaluations of the Amazon on Wednesday in declarations that underlined the struggle between competing interests inside President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's government.
Strategic Affairs Minister Roberto Mangabeira Unger told congress that a development plan was being readied that would finish with the "wrong idea" that the Amazon "can be kept as a sanctuary for mankind's enjoyment without productive activity."
At the same time, Environment Minister Carlos Minc was issuing a warning to reporters that the destruction of the Amazon has picked up since the beginning of the year despite government efforts to curb it.
Figures to be released next Monday by the Brazilian Institute for Spatial Research "are going to show a rise," he said, adding that the central state of Mato Grosso accounted for more than 60 percent of the new deforestation.
The wrestling between those who want to see Brazil's economic development include the Amazon, and others that want to conserve the world's biggest forest has reached a new intensity.
Last week, Minc was named to take over the environment ministry after his greatly respected predecessor, Marina Silva, resigned unexpectedly after a long series of defeats against other ministries wanting to turn the Amazon into an economic, not ecological, prize.
Minc has signalled he intends to pursue Silva's policies, and has received backing from Lula for an idea to have the army patrol the Amazon and defend it against illegal loggers, soya farmers and cattle ranchers.
But Unger's detailing of a Sustainable Development Plan, floated by the government two weeks ago, suggested the new environment minister would also have an uphill battle.
The Amazon, Unger told lawmakers in Brasilia, is not only "the biggest collection of plants on the planet" but also "a group of people."
"If the 25 million people who live in the Amazon don't get economic opportunities, they will be pushed toward disorganized activity that will result in deforestation," he argued.
"An environmentalism lacking an economic plan would be counterproductive environmentalism," he said.
The minister stressed that the preservation of the Amazon remained a priority, but alongside development that would allow "modern" and "intensive" farming and cattle-raising in specified areas.
He also asserted that "defense" issues were involved in maintaining order in the Amazon, opening the door to the army's involvement.
The last official figures showed that deforestation of the Amazon picked up in the last half of 2007, reversing conservation progress made by the government since 2005.
A total of 7,000 square kilometers (2,700 square miles) of vegetation had been chopped or burned down between August and December 2007.
Minc, speaking at a Rio de Janeiro news conference, said he would try to find ways to negotiate with soya farmers in the region, who are blamed by ecologists as wreaking the most damage.
He singled out the governor of Mato Grosso, Blairo Maggi, who was seen as having a significant role in Silva's resignation.
"As of now, Blairo won't have me to fight with, but directly with President Lula, who has decided to create a National Forestry Force to watch over the Amazon," Minc said.
Brazil says Amazon deforestation rising
Michael Aster, Associated Press Yahoo News 21 May 08;
Destruction of the Amazon is again on the upswing despite a recent crackdown on illegal logging, Brazil's new environment minister said Wednesday.
Carlos Minc said official calculations of how much rain forest has been cut down would be released Monday by the National Space Research Institute.
"It will be bad news. It will be data showing an increase in deforestation," Minc said in an interview on Globo TV.
Minc took his post last week after veteran rain forest defender Marina Silva surprised the nation by stepping down, citing "stagnation" in the fight to preserve the world's largest remaining tropical wilderness.
Deforestation in the Amazon had declined for three consecutive years until earlier this year when preliminary satellite data detected a spike.
In response to the increase, the government sent environmental agents and elite federal police units to crack down on illegal logging in the jungle region.
The crackdown was met with violent protests as it shut down dozens of illegal sawmills and led to seizure of 15,500 tons of illegally logged wood.
Earlier this month, the country's Justice Ministry said the operation had reduced deforestation by 80 percent between February and March.
But environmentalists said such month-to-month comparisons are unreliable.
Aides at Minc's office said he wasn't immediately available to comment on how his data differed with the Justice Ministry's.
The Brazilian Amazon, covers about 1.6 million square miles (4.1 million square kilometers) or nearly 60 percent of the country. About 20 percent of the forest has already been razed.
