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from AsiaIsGreen
Where does garbage from ships in Singapore go?
from wild shores of singapore
Toddycats’ last event of 2012 – Nature Interpretation workshop
from Toddycats!
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Best of our wild blogs: 8 Jan 13
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Malaysia: All abuzz over pod of dolphins
Avila Geraldine New Straits Times 8 Jan 13;
CLOSE ENCOUNTER: Mammals’ sighting goes viral on social media
KOTA KINABALU: PICTURES of dolphins swimming and frolicking at sea near Gaya Island near here went viral on Facebook and Twitter, attracting hundreds of comments.
The mammals were first spotted by Borneo Dream Travel and Tours staff and customers on Thursday while another pod was sighted two days later.
An expert on marine mammals, Dr Lindsay Porter, said her recent study in the proposed Tun Mustapha marine park showed that the presence of dolphins in Kudat waters occurred sporadically.
"They are largely visitors from further offshore. This appears similar to what occurs in Kota Kinabalu waters and Tunku Abdul Rahman Marine Park (TARP).
"As dolphins appear only sporadically, it is difficult to figure out what influences the dolphins' movements," she told the New Straits Times.
Porter, who works with the World Wide Fund for Nature, also deals with whales, porpoises and dugongs. She said that the dolphins' appearance in local waters was unlike the dugongs which rely exclusively on sea grass habitat that is located inshore.
According to her, dugongs (commonly known as sea cows) were seen relatively regularly off Kudat as well as Mantanani island where one or two species have lived for years.
"Two dolphin species are found in the waters off Kinabatangan, and it is possible to better understand how the mammals interact with the environment.
"Kinabatangan dolphins are influenced by the flow of the river which means they occur where fresh water and the sea converge."
Porter said that changing weather patterns would have a greater effect on Kinabatangan dolphins compared with "visiting" dolphins which occur in waters off Kota Kinabalu and Kudat.
Borneo Dream director and professional diver Joanne Cotterill, said any sighting in or near TARP was a surprise and "a very lucky one".
She said these mammals were normally found further offshore in deeper waters where there was ideally more abundant fish life for them.
"I am continually surprised by the amazing marine life we come across in TARP. Our staff and guests had the pleasure of watching a pod of around 20 dolphins near Gaya Island (on Thursday).
"They were swimming in two groups. We were indeed lucky to have a close encounter with the dolphins at the start of our snorkelling and diving trip."
As for whale sharks, Cotterill said the migration season along the West coast of Sabah was between January and March.
Many divers were now anticipating the presence of this slow-moving filter feeding shark where they were known to follow a typical migration path.
"How long they spend here is impacted by plankton blooms.
"We had three sightings last year near Sapi Island but most sightings occur on the north side of Gaya Island where the plankton congregates as a result of the underlying tides."
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Conflicts between wild elephants and humans on the rise in Riau
Antara 7 Jan 13;
Pekanbaru (ANTARA News) - Wild elephants often go on a rampage in several villages of Riau province, and the latest such incident took place in Rokan Hulu district.
"We feel terrorized by a herd of adult elephants that often wander into our plantation areas. This incident is not the first of its kind," Seroja village head Muhammad Dain said here on Monday.
On Sunday (January 6), a herd of seven elephants went on a rampage in the settlement and plantation areas of Kepenuhan Barat and Seroja villages in Kepenuhan sub-district, Rokan Hulu.
Tens of hectares of oil palm plantation were damaged by the herd, while three elephants entered human settlement areas.
"We have asked the local authorities to help us handle this problem," Dain stated.
Julianto, an inhabitant of Pasir Pandak, said he was worried about the elephants` rampage and was afraid to go to oil palm plantations.
"I am afraid because the elephants often come in the morning and afternoon. Therefore, I go to the plantation at noon," he noted.
According to World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) data, 15 elephants were killed in human-elephant conflicts in Riau last year.
Shrinkage of elephant habitat is considered to be one of the main factors that triggered human-elephant conflicts.
The population of Sumatran elephants (Elephant maximus sumatranus), the smallest of the Asian elephants, was estimated to be between 2,400 and 2,800 in 2007, down 35 percent from the 5,000 elephants recorded in 1992.
Among the factors that led to a decline in the elephant population were deforestation, poaching and human encroachment of the animal`s habitat.
Human-elephant conflicts also often occur in the Aceh, Lampung and Jambi provinces of Sumatra Island, claiming the lives of both humans and elephants. During the 2000-07 period, such conflicts led to the death of 42 people and 100 elephants in Sumatra.
(Uu.F001/INE/KR-BSR/A014)
Editor: Priyambodo RH
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Poachers kill 11 elephants in worst Kenyan attack
George Obulutsa PlanetArk 8 Jan 13;
Poachers killed a family of 11 elephants in the biggest single mass shooting of the animals on record in Kenya, wildlife officials said on Monday.
A gang of about 10 attackers hacked off the elephants' tusks in Tsavo East National Park on Saturday, officials said - the latest sign of a resurgence of mostly Asian demand for ivory jewelry and ornaments.
"(It) shows the great lengths these criminal cartels are ready to go to get ivory. It's really tragic," Kenya Wildlife Service spokesman Paul Udo told Reuters via Twitter.
He said it was the worst single incident of its kind recorded in the East African country.
Elephant poaching in Kenya declined sharply after 1989 when the government banned trade in ivory.
But there has been a rise in the illegal practice in recent years.
Demand for ornamental ivory is rising fast in Asia, in tandem with growing Chinese influence and investment in Africa, which has opened the door wider for illicit trade in ivory and rhino horn.
The Kenya Wildlife Service said foot, dog and aerial units were hunting a gang.
"The entire family of 11 elephants have been confirmed poached and tusks chopped off. All the carcasses had bullet wounds," the service said in a statement.
In May, 359 tusks weighing 1.6 tonnes impounded in Sri Lanka were found to have come from Kenya's Mombasa port.
Police found 214 tusks worth $1.32 million hidden in a coffin and fertilizer bags in neighboring Tanzania in October. The force said smugglers had planned to transport the ivory to Kenya for onward shipment to Asia.
(Editing by James Macharia and Andrew Heavens)
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Jellyfish numbers aren't soaring
The University of Western Australia Science Alert 7 Jan 13;
Despite widespread belief that the world's jellyfish population is exploding, a new international study suggests that there is no real evidence of a global increase in jellyfish over the past two centuries.
The results of the study, "Recurrent Jellyfish Blooms are a Consequence of Global Oscillations", appear in the latest issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.
The research was led by Dr Rob Condon of the Dauphin Island Sea Lab in Alabama, US with experts from the Global Jellyfish Group, a consortium of 30 researchers including lead co-author Winthrop Professor Carlos Duarte of The University of Western Australia's Oceans Institute.
The key finding of the study shows global jellyfish populations undergo concurrent oscillations with successive decadal periods of rise and fall, including a rising phase in the 1990s and early 2000s that has contributed to the current perception of a global increase in jellyfish. The previous period of high jellyfish numbers during the 1970s went unnoticed.
"There are major consequences for getting the answer correct for tourism, fisheries and management decisions as they relate to climate change and changing ocean environments," Professor Duarte said.
"The important aspect about our work is that we have provided the long-term baseline backed with all data available to science, which will enable scientists to build on and eventually repeat these analyses in a decade or two from now to determine whether there has been a real increase in jellyfish.
"The more we know, the better we can manage oceanic ecosystems or respond accurately to future effects of climate change," Professor Duarte said.
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Best of our wild blogs: 7 Jan 13
Latest Green Jobs in Singapore [31 Dec 2012 - 6 Jan 2013]
from Green Business Times
Ashy tailorbird moment @ Labrador Park - Jan2013
from SGBeachBum
Rose-ringed parakeet eating fruits of Caesalpinia pulcherrima var. flava from Bird Ecology Study Group
Painted Bronzeback
from Monday Morgue
CMBS centre spread in The New Paper
from Raffles Museum News
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New regulations to ensure safer recreational diving
Channel NewsAsia 7 Jan 13;
SINGAPORE: Safety regulations have been launched for recreational diving, which is becoming more popular, to ensure that enthusiasts are able to enjoy the sport in a safe and responsible manner.
They cover areas such as the roles and responsibilities of participants, best practices for dive masters and diving instructors, as well as safety requirements for diving activities.
The regulations were launched by the Singapore Standards Council and the National Water Safety Council (NWSC) on Monday.
Chairman of the NWSC, Dr Teo Ho Pin, said recreational diving incidents can be prevented with better understanding and rigorous safety requirements.
As part of ongoing efforts to make the sport safer, Singapore Underwater Federation will launch a certification programme called DiveSafer in April 2013 for operators.
Consumers will be encouraged to use the services of operators who are certified.
-CNA/ac
Accreditation of dive operators, safety guidelines for enthusiasts
Kimberly Spykerman Today Online 8 Jan 13;
SINGAPORE - Dive enthusiasts can soon choose their dive operators more wisely. From April, the Singapore Underwater Federation will start the accreditation of dive operators, looking at criteria, such as their diving and medical equipment, as well as the practices of their instructors. The move has been cheered by industry players.
Dive operator Eddy Neo said: "We want a general standard in the industry so that it not only makes dive operators in Singapore aware of what all of us should be doing but also educate the public, those who want to take up diving, to be more aware and give them more knowledge on who they choose to learn diving from."
Although an increasingly popular sport, recreational diving is still unregulated here.
But the Singapore Standards Council and the National Water Safety Council put out a set of safety guidelines yesterday in the hope that it would shore up safety standards.
Among the guidelines in a handbook called the Technical Reference for Recreational Diving are a standardised pre-dive medical screening checklist for participants and recommendations on the standards of medical equipment operators should have.
The guidelines were compiled after studies on international standards for scuba diving and snorkelling.
KIMBERLY SPYKERMAN
Guidelines to keep recreational divers safe
Melody Zaccheus Straits Times 8 Jan 13;
RECREATIONAL divers here now have new guidelines to keep them safe, and most dive operators said they are keen to adopt them.
The guide, introduced by the Singapore Standards Council and the National Water Safety Council (NWSC), outlines the roles and responsibilities of and safety requirements for divers and operators.
For instance, it stipulates that staff-to-diver ratio should be one to five if the divers have done fewer than 10 dives. Previously, such a ratio was never standardised across operators.
The councils said a set of standards will hopefully keep the popular sport's accident rate low and ensure consumers know the safety standards to expect of operators.
NWSC chairman Teo Ho Pin, who launched the guide yesterday, encouraged the diving community to adopt the new standards. "It's in the interest of the various stakeholders to take ownership and to exercise responsibility," he said.
Recreational diving is a dive to a maximum depth of 30m for leisure. The new code does not apply to diving at work, which has its own standards.
Industry players welcomed it, saying it could help address the issue of freelance instructors who cut corners to keep costs low. "It will make sure freelance operators missing a storefront don't skimp on the necessary," said Mr Eddy Neo, 36, owner of Ren Scubaworx.
There are about 80 operators and 30,000 divers here.
A new certification scheme, DiveSafer, to accredit operators based on the new guidelines, will be launched in April.
Singapore Underwater Federation (SUF), the national sports authority for diving and underwater activities, will take charge of certifying and auditing operators, and will list accredited ones on its website.
SUF president Song Shing Hae said the certification programme will better allow the federation to check if operators are complying with standards.
Other certification schemes, such as the Professional Association of Diving Instructors, will still be recognised here.
Diving enthusiast Hansen Ng, 23, an undergraduate, believes the new standards will clear up the murky waters surrounding dubious businesses in operation and make the decision-making process easier.
"It is important operators adhere to guidelines because even the most minute protocols can affect the safety of a diver in such a high-risk sport."
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Malaysia: Sabah issues red tide alert
Muguntan Vanar The Star 7 Jan 13;
KOTA KINABALU: The deadly algae bloom, commonly known as the red tide phenomenon, will peak in the next two months statewide.
Sabah Fisheries Department director Rayner Stuel Galid said that red tide was recorded in November last year and will begin peaking between this month and February before tailing off by June.
“We are conducting daily tests and have found high toxicity in the west coast,” he said, adding that anything above 400 mouse units (MU) was considered dangerous.
Galid advised people to avoid eating oysters, mussels, cockles and any type of clam though other marine products like fish, prawns and crabs were safe for consumption.
He said the red tide has been seen in waters off Papar, Kota Kinabalu and Tuaran in the west coast while they have not received any reports in the east coast.
Two boys, aged 14 and nine, died from paralytic shellfish poisoning after consuming cockles on Jan 1.
The older boy died a day after eating the shellfish while the second boy died on Friday, according to Sabah Health Department director Dr Christina Rundi in a statement.
The boys had collected the cockles from the seafront at Sepanggar about 30km from here and were said to have eaten them raw.
Galid said clams, even when cooked, are still poisonous and should be avoided during the red tide season.
Red tide is a natural phenomenon whereby algae form large colonies which produce harmful effects to marine life. The density of the algae colours the surface of the sea red.
Red tide warning
New Straits Times 7 Jan 13;
HIGHLY TOXIC: Public advised not to consume shellfish for the time being
TWO people have died after consuming shellfish contaminated with the red tide toxin here earlier this week.
State Fisheries director Rayner Stuel Galid, who confirmed the deaths, said the two cases were reported at Sepanggar last Wedensday.
The red tide is an occasional natural phenomenon in Sabah where microorganisms which are naturally living in the sea undergo a population explosion.
Their numbers become so large that they impart a brownish-red colour to the sea.
Rayner said that the latest red tide reading was recorded at 6,000 mouse unit (MU), which indicated very high toxicity.
The department carried out the reading in the waters along the Sepanggar Bay.
"It is harmful to health if toxic shellfish from these waters is consumed," he said yesterday, adding that a reading as low as 400MU was considered dangerous.
The department has detected the red tide in waters here and off Papar, Putatan, Tuaran and Tasik Sitompok in Kuala Penyu.
Rayner said that eating toxic shellfish could cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in humans, which was caused by saxitoxin produced by dinoflagellate, which the shellfish feed on.
"This phenomenon is expected to continue until May.
"The department will continue to monitor the situation and provide information from time to time for the safety of the public.
"We advise the public to refrain from eating shellfish, bivalves and small fish for the time being.
"Deep sea fish, squid and crab can be eaten, but as a precautionary measure, it is important to remove the gills and other internal organs before cooking."
The first PSP case in Sabah was recorded in 1976, when 202 people were reported to suffer illnesses and seven died.
Since then, PSP occurrences had been detected every few years off the west coast of Sabah.
Early symptoms of PSP include tingling of the lips and tongue, which may begin within minutes of eating poisonous shellfish or may take a few hours to develop.
Depending on the amount of toxin a person has ingested, symptoms may progress to the sensation of "pricking of pins and needles" in the skin, loss of sensation in the arms and legs, followed by difficulty in breathing and in more serious cases, nausea.
Warning of shellfish poisoning in Sabah
New Straits Times 7 Jan 13;
KOTA KINABALU: Six people suffered from paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) following the red-tide phenomenon in the state, with two placed in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) on Jan 1.
However, the two succumbed to severe anaphylactic shock in the following days.
The first victim, a 14-year-old boy, died at his home on Jan 2, after being discharged while a 9-year-old boy was pronounced dead in hospital two days later.
State Health director Dr Christina Rundi confirmed that the department received a notification regarding food poisoning cases involving six people on Jan 2.
"All the patients had consumed shellfish contaminated with red-tide toxin around noon on Jan 1. The shellfish were picked up from Sepanggar waters.
"Between 3pm and 6pm, the patients experienced symptoms, such as numbness in the neck, vomiting, dizziness and shortness of breath.
Christina said the department had sent samples of the contaminated shellfish and seawater to the state Fisheries Department where results showed a high presence of PSP toxin.
Deputy Health Minister Datuk Rosnah Abdul Rashid Shirlin advised residents in the state to seek treatment at hospitals immediately if they experienced symptoms such as numbness and breathing difficulty after consuming cockles.
"In the wake of the red-tide phenomenon, they should refrain from consuming shellfish and bivalve shellfish. However, should they crave for such food, they should eat those that were not obtained from waters off Sabah's west coast."
On Saturday, state Fisheries director Rayner Stuel Galid said the latest red-tide reading carried out in waters along Sepanggar Bay was recorded at 6,000 mouse unit (MU).
This indicates high toxicity as reading as low as 400MU is considered dangerous to humans.
Red-tide is an occasional natural phenomenon in Sabah where microorganisms (dinoflagellate) which are naturally living in the sea undergo a population explosion.
Those who consumed toxic shellfish will suffer from PSP, which is caused by saxitoxin produced by dinoflagellate, which the shellfish feed on.
The red-tide phenomenon has been detected in waters here, and off Ppar, Putatan, Tuaran and Kuala Penyu. It is expected to continue until May.
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Biofuels cause pollution, not as green as thought - study
Alister Doyle Reuters Yahoo News 7 Jan 13;
OSLO (Reuters) - Green schemes to fight climate change by producing more bio-fuels could actually worsen a little-known type of air pollution and cause almost 1,400 premature deaths a year in Europe by 2020, a study showed on Sunday.
The report said trees grown to produce wood fuel - seen as a cleaner alternative to oil and coal - released a chemical into the air that, when mixed with other pollutants, could also reduce farmers' crop yields.
"Growing biofuels is thought to be a good thing because it reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere," said Nick Hewitt, who worked on the study with colleagues from England's Lancaster University.
"What we're saying is 'yes, that's great, but biofuels could also have a detrimental effect on air quality'," he added.
The report, in the journal Nature Climate Change, looked into the impact of a European Union scheme to slow climate change by producing more biofuels.
Hewitt told Reuters there would be a similar impact wherever biofuels were produced in large quantities in areas suffering air pollution, including the United States and China.
Poplar, willow or eucalyptus trees, all used as fast-growing sources of renewable wood fuel, emit high levels of the chemical isoprene as they grow, the study said. Isoprene forms toxic ozone when mixed with other air pollutants in sunlight.
"Large-scale production of biofuels in Europe would have small but significant effects on human mortality and crop yields," said Hewitt.
"As far as we know, no one has looked at the air quality of growing biofuel crops before," he added.
The report estimated that ozone from wood-based energy to meet the European Union's 2020 goal would cause nearly 1,400 premature deaths a year, costing society $7.1 billion.
The European plan would also would reduce the annual value of wheat and maize production by $1.5 billion since ozone impairs crop growth, the study added.
LUNG PROBLEMS
Siting new biofuel plantations far away from polluted population centres would help limit ozone formation, the study suggested. Genetic engineering might be used to reduce isoprene emissions, it said.
Ozone can cause lung problems and is blamed for killing about 22,000 people a year in Europe. Overall air pollution, mainly from fossil fuels, causes about 500,000 premature deaths in Europe a year, according to the European Environment Agency.
Sunday's study did not compare the potential damage caused by biofuels to the impact on human health from producing coal, oil or natural gas as part of policies to slow global warming. "We're not in a position to make that comparison," Hewitt said.
He noted that the main reason to shift to biofuels was to cut emissions of carbon dioxide, mainly from fossil fuels, that U.N. studies project will become ever more damaging this century.
The United Nations' World Health Organization estimates global warming has caused more than 140,000 deaths annually worldwide since the 1970s.
The biggest impact was recorded in developing nations where the floods, droughts and other disasters blamed on climate change left millions suffering from diarrhea, malnutrition, malaria and dengue fever.
Burning biofuels is viewed as neutral for climate change because plants soak up carbon when they grow and release it when they burn or rot. Fossil fuels, on the other hand, add carbon to the atmosphere from underground stores millions of years old.
Biofuels are often blamed for causing food price spikes by competing for cropland. Responding to such criticisms, the European Commission said last year it aimed to limit crop-based biofuels - such as from maize or sugar - to five percent of transport fuels.
(Editing by Andrew Heavens)
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Best of our wild blogs: 6 Jan 13
2013 - Free Chek Jawa Boardwalk trips on the 1st Saturday of each month
from Adventures with the Naked Hermit Crabs
Life History of the Common Grass Yellow
from Butterflies of Singapore
peregrine falcon @ labrador park = 05Jan2013
from sgbeachbum
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Winged Fancies
Record 265 species spotted during first-ever S'pore Big Year, a year-long bird-spotting race
Grace Chua Straits Times 6 Jan 13;
As 2012 waned, a motley group of birders with cameras, binoculars and field scopes craned their necks at a tiny dot circling in the sky.
They alternated between an excited buzz and reverential silence.
Could the circling dot be a rufous-bellied hawk- eagle, a rare winter visitor to Singapore? No - it was merely a more common osprey.
Four of the birders at Kranji Marsh were taking part in the first-ever Singapore Big Year, a year-long bird race to spot the most species in a single year.
The day before, one of them - veteran birder Lim Kim Chuah - had struck gold, in a manner of speaking.
The 50-year-old had spotted a yellow-vented flowerpecker, a shy brown forest bird identified by a flash of yellow beneath the tail, at the top of Bukit Timah Hill.
It was the 262nd species he had spotted in the year.
More than 370 species of birds either live in Singapore or pass through on their way to parts south or north. This is perhaps more bird species than there are serious birdwatchers.
A Big Year is a numbers game, an informal practice started in the 1930s when American birdwatchers began crisscrossing their country in search of new species.
By the end of last year, eight of the 15 Big Year participants had surpassed the previous one-year Singapore record of 247 different bird species.
Mr Lim's elder brother Kim Seng, an outdoor education lecturer at a polytechnic, set that record in 2005 on a solo Big Year.
"When we got a lot of people together we actually found more birds," said the 53-year-old of his record being broken.
Different birds arrive on the island at different times of the year, and prefer different habitats - so it helps to have a group that knows where and when to spot them.
A rule of the game is that you cannot just hear the bird - you have to see it or it does not count.
But it is all self-reported, based on an honour system. "Don't bluff yourself, (because) nobody's going to care whether you do," said Mr Alfred Chia, a 52-year-old marketing manager.
Two of the Big Year birders, however, had set themselves even harder challenges.
Biotechnology firm owner Francis Yap, 43, had to photograph every bird or it does not count, while private tutor Andrew Chow, 52, insisted on sketching them.
The year began with a hike through the Central Catchment Area, and the hunt was on.
The 12 men and three women who took part went to great lengths, driving to Choa Chu Kang to hunt for a Siberian stonechat spotted at a canal and plunging into the wilds of Seletar in search of a dumpy migratory waterbird known as Baillon's crake.
They also made sacrifices. Once, Mr Chia had just arrived at a church wedding luncheon, given his hongbao and had yet to take a single bite when he got word of a green-backed flycatcher sighting.
Ms Yong Yik Shih, 41, legal counsel for a small trading firm, warned over coffee with this reporter: "If I get an alert right now, I'm off!"
In the end, Mr Lim Kim Seng topped the list again, with 265 bird species.
The Lim brothers, two of five siblings, got their birding start growing up in a Sembawang kampung and competing with each other.
Mr Yap, who picked up photography nine years ago when his daughter was born, has been snapping photos of birds for about two years.
The families of serious birders are tolerant, sometimes even encouraging. "It's important that you chase your own dreams," said Mr Yap's wife, Madam Lim Mui Soon, 39. "Plus, it gets him outdoors."
The children show the occasional interest.
Mr Yap's nine-year-old daughter is "quite observant", said her mother, and likes nature, though she is not inclined to join the more rugged hikes.
But Mr Lim Kim Chuah's 16-year-old daughter prefers to chase a more rarefied breed: the K-pop star.
Unlike their counterparts elsewhere who are highly competitive about their spots, Big Year birders here are uncommonly generous: they share sightings via Facebook, text message and WhatsApp.
"If you are too competitive it can be just a numbers game," Mr Lim Kim Seng said.
Instead, the birders are also interested in bird ecology and behaviour, documenting the rare-bird sightings, population distribution and whether certain birds were arriving earlier or later than usual.
In any case, last year's record may be hard to surpass. "It's more challenging as Singapore becomes more urbanised," he added.
For instance, the former Bidadari Cemetery - home to rare birds like the Japanese paradise flycatcher - is slated for development into a Housing Board estate.
Bird populations have also changed over the years. "Ten to 15 years ago the Asian koel was a rare sight," Mr Lim said.
Last year, a writer to The Straits Times Forum Page complained that the bird's distinctive "ko-well, ko-well" call disrupted his sleep every morning.
The birders are already plotting the next Big Year, possibly next year, although some are taking a break.
The day after the new year began, Ms Yong posted on Facebook: "Now that the Big Year has ended, and rest has come to many of us, I'm curious how many birds you folks have seen since the start of 2013, 39 hours ago.
"I have seen a grand total of ONE."
She had left the house only to go to work last Wednesday, she said.
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