Showing posts with label consumerism. Show all posts
Showing posts with label consumerism. Show all posts

National Day Parade's fun packs are not fun for our environment

ERIC TEO HONG KIAT Today Online 6 Aug 18;

It's that time of the year again when we mark Singapore's independence. The ubiquitous "fun pack" or goodie bag, given to spectators at the National Day Parade and the shows before the Aug 9 occasion, is now an essential part of the celebrations.

Given the recent focus on reducing plastic use ("At least 1.76 billion plastic items used each year; non-profit to launch 'two is enough' campaign"; Aug 1), it is timely for us to re-think what goes into these fun packs.

Besides the large amount of plastic packaging used, there are items that are either of poor quality (the plastic zip bag) or minimal functionality (the luggage tag, handheld fans) which would no doubt end up as trash — if not immediately, then shortly after.

The irony is that Captain Green, created in November 1990 during Singapore's first Clean and Green Week campaign, is one of the mascots at this year's National Day Parade.

It is time we reduce the quantity of items in the fun packs and improve their quality.

There is no better place to start reversing this trend than on our nation's "birthday", as we hold up our shared vision and values for the younger generation.

One might argue that the parade is a once-a-year event and the damage done is limited.

However, we must remember that it is not just the number of fun packs but the message it sends to users.

After all, this is an event organised by the Government, and leadership by example in this case will certainly go a long way in convincing people of the urgency and importance of this agenda.

Companies such as fast-food chain KFC have already done away with providing plastic caps and straws for drinks. Would the next organising committee of the National Day Parade take up the challenge and aim for zero single-use plastics in the fun packs?


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A manifesto to save Planet Earth (and ourselves)

Simon Lewis and Mark Maslin, University College London BBC 7 Jun 18;

The impacts of human actions on our home planet are now so large that many scientists are declaring a new phase of Earth’s history. The old forces of nature that transformed Earth many millions of years ago, including meteorites and mega-volcanoes are joined by another: us. We have entered a new geological epoch, called the Anthropocene.

As scientists we agree that society has entered a dangerous new time. But what is to be done?

In our new book, The Human Planet, published on Thursday, we present a new view of how humans climbed down from the trees of Africa to become a geological superpower.

We argue that to avoid ever-larger environmental changes causing a societal collapse, we need to acknowledge the incredible power that modern society possesses and direct it towards a shift to a new type of society in the 21st Century.

Our influence is more profound than many of us realize.

Globally, human activities move more soil, rock and sediment each year than is transported by all other natural processes combined.

The total amount of concrete produced by humans is enough to cover the entire Earth’s surface with a layer two millimetres thick. Micro-plastics are found in every ocean.

We have cut down half of Earth's trees, losing three trillion, with extinctions becoming commonplace.

Factories and farming remove as much nitrogen from the atmosphere as all of Earth's natural processes, and the climate is changing fast because of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel use.

Beyond these grim statistics, the critical question is: will today’s interconnected mega-civilisation that allows 7.5 billion people to lead physically healthier and longer lives than at any time in our history continue from strength to strength? Or will we keep using more and more resources until human civilisation collapses?

To answer this, we re-interpret human history using the tools of modern science, to provide a clearer view of the future.

Tracing the ever-greater environmental impacts of different human societies since our march out of Africa, we found that there are just five broad types that have spread worldwide.

Our original hunter-gatherer societies were followed by the agricultural revolution and new types of society beginning some 10,500 years ago.

The next shift resulted from the formation of the first global economy, after Europeans arrived in the Americas in 1492, which was followed in the late 1700s by the new societies following the Industrial Revolution.

The final type is today’s high-production consumer capitalist mode of living that emerged after WWII.

A careful analysis shows that each successive mode of living is reliant on greater energy use, greater information and knowledge availability, and an increase in the human population, which together increase our collective agency.

These insights help us think about avoiding the coming crash as our massive global economy doubles in size every 25 years, and on to the possibilities of a new and more sustainable sixth mode of living to replace consumer capitalism.

Seen in this way, renewable energy for all takes on an importance beyond stopping climate breakdown; likewise free education and the internet for all has a significance beyond access to social media – as they empower women, which helps stabilise the population.

More energy and greater information availability appear to be the necessities for any new kind of society - although these changes alone could increase our environmental problems, as in the past. To usher in a new way of living today’s core dynamic of ever-greater production and consumption of goods and resources must also be broken, coupled with a societal focus on environmental repair.

Two increasingly discussed ideas do just this.

Universal Basic Income (UBI) is a policy whereby a financial payment is made to every citizen, unconditionally, without any obligation to work, at a level above their subsistence needs.

Most people would still work, but UBI could break the link between paid work and consumption.

We all do it – saying, I work so hard, I deserve that fancy over-packaged sandwich, new gizmo, or long-haul holiday.

Consumption is the pay-back for being ever-more productive at work. With UBI we could think long-term, well beyond the next pay cheque, as living in the Anthropocene demands.

Small-scale trials of UBI suggest we would educate ourselves, do useful work, while caring for others and the wider environment.

Environmental repair could come from the simple but profound idea that we allocate half the Earth's surface primarily for the benefit of other species.

This is less utopian than it first appears. As we increasingly recognise that humans are part of nature, new ideas of "re-wilding" (large areas managed to allow natural processes to run) and "restoration" (bringing back forests) are taking hold.

Recent commitments across 43 countries to restore 292 million hectares of degraded land to forest, ten times the area of the UK, show that repair is on the agenda.

Universal Basic Income and Half-Earth are, of course, not the remedies for all of society's ills. But, if acknowledging that we live in the Anthropocene does anything, it shows us that our actions will have major impacts on the only planet in the Universe known to harbour life.

It would be wise to use this immense power to give the best chance for people, and the rest of life, all to flourish.


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Food giants’ claims palm oil does not damage rainforests 'problematic', say researchers

Guaranteeing genuinely deforestation-free products from the resource is problematic, report says
Jane Dalton The Independent 3 Jun 18;

Food firms cannot claim the palm oil in their products does not destroy rainforests because supply chains are so complex, scientists say.

“No-deforestation” promises printed on packaging could be failing despite the good intentions of manufacturers, according to a report by researchers at Imperial College London.

Palm oil plantations in eastern Asia are blamed for pushing orangutans, Borneo elephants and Sumatran tigers to near-extinction as their rainforest habitats are being continually torn or burned down. The destruction also releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, reduces biodiversity and drives indigenous people from their homelands.

The oil is used in manufacturing half of all products in supermarkets – from biscuits, snack bars, cereals and margarine to soaps and shampoos.

And almost half of the palm oil imported into the EU, mostly from Indonesia and Malaysia, is used as biofuel after blending it into vehicle fuel was made compulsory in 2009.

Under public pressure over the harm caused by its production, many food giants now claim to use “sustainable” or “no-deforestation” palm oil, printed on labels.

But the new study said it was “problematic” to guarantee genuinely deforestation-free palm oil products.

Barriers include the complexity of the supply chain; a lack of consensus on definitions of deforestation; inadequate government support and persisting markets in China and India for unsustainably produced palm oil.

And campaigns by environmental groups and non-governmental organisations are unlikely to be effective in preventing rainforest destruction, the research warns.

Lead author of the report, Joss Lyons-White, a conservation scientist at Imperial College, who interviewed 24 companies and environmental representatives for his report, told The Independent consumers should look at companies’ commitments and whether they were likely to meet them.

He said the issue was complex partly because views on how to define deforestation differed between eco activists, for example, and producers on the ground.

“There’s a feeling among some producers that ‘zero-deforestation’ is a Western imposition,” he said. “Some participants said it was a marketing term. Governments have different priorities such as economic growth and socio-economic development.”

Inconsistent government regulations and confusion over land ownership were also barriers to producing ethical oil, while high demand in India for unbranded cooking oil also played a role, said Mr Lyons-White.

Based on the amount of land used, palm plantations are more productive than other types of oil so have become increasingly popular in the food, toiletries and fuel industries.

The report said simply banning palm oil production or applying pressure to countries is not an answer.

“The existing model used to address palm oil-driven deforestation, based on NGO shaming campaigns and unilateral adoption of commitments by individual companies, is unlikely to achieve no deforestation in the current context of palm oil production and trade,” it said.

Instead, new ways should be found to ensure that green commitments can be implemented successfully, it concluded.

Mr Lyons-White said environmental awareness in Europe was creating huge demand for palm oil that was certified by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), which reduces deforestation by a third so has a “positive impact”.


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Runners race for a greener planet at Income Eco Run

Audrey Tan Straits Times 29 Apr 18;

SINGAPORE - Mass runs are usually known for generating huge amounts of waste, but insurance company Income is trying to change that with its annual Income Eco Run.

Some 9,000 participants laced up their running shoes for the run on Sunday (April 29) not just to get their hearts pumping, but also in a race for a greener planet.

Of the participants, 2,000 of them were Zero Waste runners who declined to receive a finisher tees, race medal, or both.

Other waste-reducing measures at the event include the recycling of all paper cups used, as well as the composting of some 700kg of banana peels. The fruit is usually distributed during mass run events.

The green efforts from the run, now in its ninth edition, will be incorporated into a report by the Singapore Environment Council to calculate the waste generated per capita during the event. It is the first time that this is being done for the Income Eco Run.

Results of the report will be released next month, and Income will use the insights to set new green targets for the next run.

Income chief marketing officer Marcus Chew said it was encouraging to see runners committing to a journey towards zero waste.

He said: "Building a more sustainable future requires the collective effort of everyone, and we want to thank all our runners for coming down today. We hope that participants will leave today's run feeling inspired to take a step, big or small, to create a greener world and help Singapore become more future ready."


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Zero-waste shopping? Packaging-free grocery store opening in Singapore

Consumers planning to visit this new grocery store at Jalan Kuras will have to bring their own jars and bags, or pick up one of the store’s recycled containers to fill them with items they want.
Tang See Kit Channel NewsAsia 28 Apr 18;

SINGAPORE: It was about a year ago when Ms Florence Tay came across a video on Facebook showing a zero-waste provision store in Europe.

Decked out with self-service dispensers containing food items, the store provided no plastic bags or other forms of packaging and required customers to bring their own containers.

“I thought it was a great idea that took a step further when it comes to minimising the use of unnecessary packaging, especially plastic”, said the Singaporean who makes the effort to bring her own reusable container, cutlery and water tumbler whenever she goes out.

“I liked it so much that when I saw the message ‘Share the video if you like one in your neighbourhood’ at the end of the video, I did and even bookmarked it.”

Fast forward a year later, a grocery store with a similar do-it-yourself (DIY) and packaging-free concept will be opening its doors in the quiet neighbourhood of Sembawang Hills Estate.

And one of its owners is none other than Ms Tay.

CUTTING DOWN ON PACKAGING TO SAVE THE EARTH AND MONEY

Called UnPackt, the store is currently preparing for its soft launch on May 5 and its concept of having no food packaging may likely make it the first of its kind in Singapore.

Like the video that inspired Ms Tay, customers keen to do their grocery shopping at UnPackt will be encouraged to bring their own reusable packaging.

Before going about their shopping, customers will need to weigh their containers, jars or bottles on a weighing scale provided so that the weight can be noted down and later excluded from their bills. After filling up each container with the food item they like, customers will need to weigh their containers again at the counter before making payment.

Though cleaned recycled containers and shopping bags – most of them donated by members of the public – will be available for free, this means that it’s best for consumers to do some planning before heading down to UnPackt.

This “mindful planning” of one’s shopping list will help to curb impulse purchases and reduce waste, said Ms Tay.

“We are quite the opposite of supermarket shopping," she said.

"We encourage you to come with a shopping list so that you only buy what you really need. But if you do forget or see something else that you need, pick up one of our recycled containers and we hope that you will continue to use these containers or even bring them back.”

Ms Tay, a marketing manager turned entrepreneur, and her co-founder Jeff Lam have thus far invested about S$100,000 to get things started, with the bulk of the money going into rental and renovation works to refurbish the 1,200-sqft shophouse space.

As a start, the grocery store will focus on selling food items, with a majority being healthier options such as rice with lower glycaemic index, organic pasta and superfood powders.

These will be kept in large dispensers or gravity bins to minimise individual packaging. It will also be stocking locally-made cleaning supplies, such as cold-pressed soap bars and an eco-enzyme detergent made by local social enterprise ecosenses and non-governmental organisation MINDS.

Ms Tay said the bigger focus on food items from the get-go boils down to how it is hard to find food, especially organic ones, with zero packaging in Singapore.

With the absence of individual packaging, the owners of UnPackt think they could reduce retail prices by about 5 per cent and hope that would “lower the entry barrier” for people to take the first step in changing their consumption habits.

“The price that consumers pay usually involves the costs of buying packaging materials and the manpower costs at the packaging facilities of manufacturers,” said Mr Lam.

“Because we buy in bulk, there is no packaging costs that we need to transfer to our customers. Our research indicate that bulk purchases are usually 5 per cent lower than packaged items so we will price ours accordingly.”

Added Ms Tay: “People tend to have the idea that going green requires additional costs but we want to prove that wrong by making our prices affordable.”

Eventually, the duo aims to expand the store offerings to consumer items, such as eco-friendly body wash, shampoos and other plastic-free alternatives like stainless steel straws, making it a “one-stop shop” for sustainable living.


FUTURE PLANS

Other plans on the pipeline include rolling out a recycling scheme where members of the public can donate their cleaned containers and bottles.

Once its operationally stable, the social enterprise also intends to hire full-time employees, with a preference for single mums and senior citizens. For this, UnPackt is already in touch with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to find suitable candidates.

When that happens, the empty room at the back of the grocery store will be converted into a children’s playroom for single-mum employees to bring their kids to work.

Ms Tay, who is a single mum herself, said this is due to her own experience of finding it difficult to juggle both work and family.

“It’s really hard for single mums, especially those with lower education levels, to find a job. With childcare centres costing about S$600 to S$700 a month, it is just so much tougher for them,” she said.

But before that, the two founders are concentrating on promoting the store’s zero-waste concept.

Mr Lam admitted that he had doubts initially when Ms Tay first approached him with the idea, but his interest in curbing food waste soon helped him to come round.

The bachelor who is living alone said even with conscious purchasing efforts, he still finds it difficult to do grocery shopping for one. He reckons that a store like UnPackt will help singles like him.

But the 37-year-old still thinks there could be slower business on weekdays when the grocery store opens, and expects potential customers to have “plenty of questions” given that the concept of having no food packaging in a grocery store goes against what Singaporean consumers are used to.

“We have all been brought up in an environment where everything is convenient. Our food comes with packaging and that’s associated with being clean,” said Mr Lam.

“There may be people who won’t be able to accept food that doesn’t come in packaging so I think we will have to do a lot of explaining to do for that,” he added.

Ms Tay is more hopeful.

Citing a survey that she had put out while preparing for the launch of UnPackt, more than 1,000 respondents indicated that they are willing to support a zero waste grocery store. She has also received emails from schools that would like to arrange excursion trips to UnPackt for their students.

However, the owners have had to battle with one dilemma. While they have taken steps to be more eco-conscious and avoid disposables, both Ms Tay and Mr Lam said they still have a long way to go before they can call themselves as "zero wasters".

“This was something that Jeff and I debated several times. Can we call ourselves owners of a zero waste store if we ourselves haven’t fully achieved a zero waste lifestyle?” said Ms Tay.

While most of the furniture in the store are second-hand items and recycled materials, there are things that are brand new, such as the self-service gravity bins used to store food items.

With zero-waste organic products being hard to find in Singapore, the duo also had to source for these overseas, which inevitably creates packaging and food miles.

“That’s something that we had to overcome but we’ll like people to know that we are not zero wasters yet. We are working towards that and hopefully, everyone can join us.

“Perhaps becoming more eco-conscious can start from something simple. A slight change in lifestyle can be cultivated into habits. If everyone does that, the effect will accumulate and grow,” said Ms Tay.

Source: CNA/sk(ms)


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Chinese appetite for totoaba fish bladder kills off rare porpoise

Only 30 vaquita are left in Gulf of California as pirate fishermen net them when fishing for highly valued totoaba maws
Damian Carrington The Guardian 16 May 17;

The world’s rarest marine mammal is on the verge of extinction due to the continuing illegal demand in China for a valuable fish organ, an undercover investigation has revealed.

There are no more than 30 vaquita – a five-foot porpoise – left in the northern Gulf of California today and they could be extinct within months, conservationists have warned. The population has been all but eradicated by pirate fishermen catching the large totoaba fish and killing the vaquita in the process.

The totoaba, which is itself highly endangered, is caught for its swim bladders which are smuggled to China for sale on the black market. Undercover investigators found the swim bladders, called maws, for sale in Shantou in Guandong province, at an average price of $20,000 per kilogram. The cost has led to the maws being dubbed “aquatic cocaine”.

“The demand is still strong and stable – it is not going down – and prices are climbing again,” said Andrea Crosta, from the Elephant Action League, an intelligence-led group now targeting all wildlife crime and which conducted the totoaba investigation.

“Because it is very expensive, it remains a product for wealthy people,” he said. “The law enforcement is very weak because it is not top priority and probably because it involves rich and powerful people.”

One trader in the illegal maws told the investigators: “When the government comes to check, they call and inform us earlier and we will hide them when they come.” However, the trade is less open than it once was. Chinese buyers of maws prefer those from domestic waters but these are exceedingly rare now, having been intensively fished for many decades.

The demand for totoaba maws is driven by its use as a business gift, investment or wedding dowry, as well as its supposed medicinal benefits, the investigation found.

The fish are captured in gillnets, which the Mexican government has banned although illegal fishing persists. The ban will expire at the end of May and the conservation group WWF called on Tuesday for Mexico to introduce and enforce a permanent ban on all gillnets.

“Time is rapidly running out for the vaquita – we could tragically lose [it] in a matter of months,” said WWF’s Chris Gee. “The last hope for the species is the Mexican government immediately putting in place and properly enforcing a permanent ban.”

The WWF is also urging the Chinese and US governments to collaborate with Mexico to intercept and halt the illegal transport and sale of totoaba maws, which are thought to be moved via drug-smuggling routes or hidden in legal fish products.

In 2015, Mexico’s federal environment agency Profepa revealed the totoaba maws were more valuable than cocaine in the country, with a kilogram selling for the same as 1.5kg of the drug. The price uncovered by EAL investigators make the swim bladders 10 times more valuable than caviar and 30 times more than elephant ivory.

With the extinction of the vaquita looming, an $4m emergency plan is being put in place to round up a few individuals, with the help of US navy-trained dolphins, and place them in a sanctuary. However, capturing vaquita has not been attempted before, meaning the success of the plan is uncertain.


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No live Christmas trees from Ikea this year

Melissa Lin, The Straits Times AsiaOne 21 Nov 16;

For the first time in more than 20 years, Ikea will not be selling live Christmas trees here this year.

"It has been increasingly challenging to guarantee the freshness of the trees through the current means and maintain low prices for our customers at the same time," a spokesman told The Straits Times.

The furniture store's Nordmann Fir trees are usually shipped in from Sweden in air-conditioned containers to preserve their freshness. The decision affects stores in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand.

As an alternative, Ikea has stocked up on more artificial trees this year.

It is also trying to find a solution to the challenges, the spokesman added.

The demand for live trees is on the rise in Singapore.

Last year, 38,800 live pine trees were imported here, up from 28,400 in 2014, said the Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority (AVA). The trees were from Denmark, Sweden and the United States. In 2008, some 7,700 trees were brought in.

The bulk of the trees usually arrive towards the end of November, AVA said.

The increase in the popularity of live trees here is matched by greater demand where they are grown, said Mr Mok Keng Houng, business manager at wholesale florist Ji Mei Flower. It has become more expensive to buy them, but Mr Mok said they cannot increase the price.

He added: "We have to see if the market can handle (any price increase)." His firm gets its Noble, Nordmann and Fraser fir trees from the US.

Floriculture company Far East Flora, which has been accepting pre-orders for its Noble and Nordmann firs since Nov 1, said response has been good so far.

Prices start from $78 for a 1.2m- to 1.5m-tall Noble fir tree for orders made by Nov 30, and go up to $88 after that.

"We have seen a younger crowd and more families making Christmas tree shopping an annual family affair in recent years," said its sales and marketing director Peter Cheok.

Sing See Soon Floral & Landscape in Punggol East is bringing in 250 trees, just like last year.

They range from 60cm-tall trees for table tops to 3.7m-tall trees for hotels and malls.

Customer service officer Karen Lim-Gallet, 43, who has been buying live trees to celebrate Christmas for the past 15 years, has ordered one from Far East Flora this year.

"The price of the tree has been increasing by about $10 every year. But I really like the smell of pine in the house, and it adds to the festive mood. It has become a tradition for my family," she said.


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More buying from social enterprises in Singapore: Survey

Alice Chia Channel NewsAsia 25 Oct 16;

SINGAPORE: More people are aware of social enterprises and are buying goods or services from them, according to a public perception survey released by the Singapore Centre for Social Enterprise (raiSE) and NUS Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy on Tuesday (Oct 25).

Based on 1,888 responses collected in May and June, the survey showed a five-fold increase in awareness of such enterprises from 13 per cent in 2010 to 65 per cent in 2016.

Those in the 31-35 age group had the highest level of awareness, with seven out of 10 respondents saying they were aware of social enterprises, raiSE said.

More respondents also bought from social enterprises in 2016 - 35 per cent of respondents said they had purchased from social enterprises before compared to 22 per cent in 2010.

However, the proportion of respondents who had not bought from social enterprises before and were unwilling to do so in the next six months remained the same, at 23 per cent in both 2010 and 2016.

The findings were released at raiSE's Singapore Social Enterprise Conference, a two-day event for thought leaders, corporations and entrepreneurs to explore how businesses can be a force for social good.

Notable examples raised at the conference included Sustainable Living Lab, which helps students and social entrepreneurs access equipment such as 3D printers to create products, and Edible Garden City, which builds food gardens at under-utilised spaces and uses urban farming to provide therapy and employment for those with autism.

raiSE committed S$30 million to provide more support for social enterprises when it launched in May 2015. To date, it has contributed about S$8.6 million to over 40 social enterprises, benefitted close to 3,000 disadvantaged people and created more than 200 jobs to date, it said.

- CNA/mz


Survey on social enterprise shows stubborn group of non-buyers
TOH EE MING Today Online 26 Oct 16;

SINGAPORE — People who have never supported social enterprises have not changed their minds in the last six years to buy from these businesses, even though a recent survey showed that there is greater awareness of this sector.

The findings were released this week by the Singapore Centre for Social Enterprise, which did a public perception study on social enterprises from May to June this year, through a survey of 1,888 respondents at various malls. The first survey was done in 2010.

The study found that, overall, public awareness leapt nearly five-fold — from 13 per cent of respondents in 2010 to 65 per cent this year, with those aged 31 to 35 being most aware (70 per cent).

People’s understanding of such enterprises has also increased — seven out of 10 respondents could correctly categorise at least one of the three social enterprises named in the latest survey, compared to just two out of 100 respondents who could correctly name a social enterprise in the previous survey.

However, there was no “breakthrough” when it came to those who have never bought anything from a social enterprise. This group remain unchanged at 23 per cent in both surveys. Typically, they are males aged below 30 and females above 50, who are difficult to “convert” because only 30 per cent of them seem to care about social mission, the study found.

As many as 42 per cent of these non-buyers base their purchase decision on quality of goods, while 35 per cent base their decision on price.

And although more people are buying from social enterprises — from 22 per cent in 2010 to 35 per cent this year — the increase appears to be the result of potential buyers being converted to become buyers, since there is a corresponding drop in the percentage of potential buyers. Taken together, both groups of buyers have not grown beyond 77 per cent of the public respondents, the data reflected.

The study categorised potential or ready buyers as those who are willing to buy from social enterprises in the short term (next six months).

The top two reasons that motivated people to buy, it found, was the social enterprise’s social mission, and unique services and products offered. In particular, they are likelier to support social enterprises geared towards people with disabilities, low-income families, and those with health conditions.

In its anaylsis, the study noted that there is a certain “maturation” of the social enterprise sector, where buyers and potential buyers are becoming more discerning in their purchases, not so much motivated by philanthropic reasons, but more critically evaluating the “credibility and validity of the social cause and mission of social enterprises”.

Addressing the challenges that the sector faces, the study recommended that social enterprises look to focus more on ramping up the quality and uniqueness of their services and products, and to differentiate themselves further from traditional businesses in order to grow their customer base.

Ms Debra Lam, 23, co-founder of Society Staples, which conducts team-building workshops and events to promote inclusion of people with disabilities, said that it is still an uphill task to reach some companies, because the perception is that a social enterprise is a charity. “So there’s this justification whether (they) should pay (us) for the services and products we are offering,” she said.

“It’s about staying true to our social mission and ensuring we are diligent in delivering the quality of services to make sure we can match up to other traditional businesses or do even better,” she added.

Dr Zhang Weina, research director at the Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy in the National University of Singapore which led the survey, said that the study showed that social enterprises are “not just relying on donations and grants to make their business viable”. They can bring people together and still stay profitable,” she said.

Mr Richardo Chua, 34, group managing director of events agency Adrenalin Group, also a social enterprise, called for greater collaboration from different players.

“Social enterprises can keep on pushing hard, working hard to be competitive in whatever marketplace… but ultimately, it’s about a collective (effort) by the community to do (our) bit,” he said.


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Indonesia: NGOs’ changing roles in sustainable agro industry

Edi Purwanto and Soren Moestrup Jakarta Post 30 May 16;

Indonesia’s economic development and resource utilization are largely driven by global demand. At present a large part of natural-resource management is in the hands of the private sector.

Palm oil is a prime example, as the unprecedented growth in global demand, during the past 20 years, has resulted in major changes in land use in the country. Without strong governance and law enforcement on natural resources and land use, the expansion of palm oil production has resulted in a dramatic loss of forests through deforestation, as well as ecosystem degradation.

During the last decade, growing consumer expectations that agro-commodities should be environment friendly and sustainably produced have provided drivers for civil society campaigns on investor and company producer practices to better comply with environmentally friendly and socially sensitive commodities. Such consumer expectations and campaigns have become new drivers of sustainable resource management and utilization in production chains, as well as at landscape level and have as such supported the government in law enforcement on the sustainable production and use of natural resources.

Consumers and investors are participating in commodity-specific forums, such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil ( RSPO ), which has initiated strict standards preventing oil-palm plantation development in areas with a high carbon stock ( HCS ) or of high conservation value ( HCV ). The sustainability standards, to which RSPO members are committed, can lead to a positive environmental impact on the development of new palm oil plantations. RSPO members have an obligation to compensate HCV areas that have been lost to deforestation since 2005.

Given RSPO members control the largest palm oil concessions in the country, the scheme, in combination with a declining palm oil price, reduced the establishment of palm oil plantations by more than half a million hectares per annum in the period of 2007-2013.

Consumer expectations on environmentally friendly and sustainably produced agro-commodities have also led to an unprecedented increase in the number of companies that have adopted strict environmental regulations on sustainable management and production systems.

Prime examples include APP Pulp and Paper, which in 2013 first published its sustainability targets announcing an immediate halt to natural forest clearing throughout the supply chain. Major palm oil companies Wilmar International, Cargil Inc., Golden Agri Resources, Asian Agri and Musim Mas have signed the Indonesian Palm Oil Pledge ( IPOP ), “No deforestation, no peat, no exploitation policy”, which is a commitment to transparency, accountability and to ensuring compliance of all third-party suppliers. Oil palm and pulpwood plantations take up about 11 million ha and 3.5 million ha ( out of 10 million ha granted permits ) of land in Indonesia, respectively.

The growing concerns on environmental safeguards have also been well responded to by the government. As part of a larger goal of reducing deforestation and carbon emissions, President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo extended, in May 2015, a moratorium on the clearing of primary forests and peatlands.

It was the second time the ban on issuing concessions to plantation companies had been renewed since a presidential decree was issued in 2011. In May 2016 the President plans to issue a decree on the suspension of new oil-palm plantation development. This applies to the suspension of the Environment and Forestry Ministry’s authority to release convertible state production forests ( outside the existing moratorium map ) for palm oil plantations.

How do the conservation NGOs in this country respond to this development?

NGOs have come to realize that anti-corporate demonstrations, organized boycotts, and protests can be far more effective and powerful than anti-government campaigns, particularly when targeting established, reputable global brands. In response, corporations have attempted to identify and select the available areas and opportunities to cooperate with NGOs to cement fruitful relationships. Some leading conservation NGOs are involved in safeguarding the environmental sustainability of leading palm oil and pulp and paper companies.

When building partnerships with the private sector, the NGOs should not forget their long-term watchdog function and therefore continuously monitor the environmental effects of private companies’ involvement in the protection of Indonesia’s natural resources.

NGOs should be able to manage the impacts of IPOP on smallholder plantations; they have to facilitate buyers, producers, banks and other financial institutions with a practical guide on how to engage with smallholder farming-related challenges and opportunities, especially on access to markets, financing innovation, improving legality, preventing deforestation and remediating agricultural labor problems.

With reliable, verified and well-framed evidence, NGOs have strategic roles in assisting government and frontrunner companies to create and strengthen strategies in multi-stakeholder dialogues on policy change that improve smallholder resilience and sustainability.
________________________________

Edi Purwanto is a director of Tropenbos International Indonesia. Soren Moestrup is senior adviser at the Department of geoscience and natural resource management at the University of Copenhagen.


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Humans damaging the environment faster than it can recover, UN finds

Radical action is needed to combat increasing rate of environmental damage to water sources, land, biodiversity and marine life, report shows
Fiona Harvey The Guardian 19 May 16;

Degradation of the world’s natural resources by humans is rapidly outpacing the planet’s ability to absorb the damage, meaning the rate of deterioration is increasing globally, the most comprehensive environmental study ever undertaken by the UN has found.

The study, which involved 1,203 scientists, hundreds of scientific institutions and more than 160 governments brought together by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), concludes that without radical action the level of prosperity that millions of people in the developed world count on will be impossible to maintain or extend to poorer countries.

Water scarcity is the scourge of some of the poorest regions on Earth, the study found, leaving developing countries increasingly unable to feed themselves, and causing hardship for millions of people. There appears little prospect of this dire situation being remedied, according to the UN, without radical action being taken.

Water sources are under increasing threat from population growth, climate change, rapid urbanisation, rising levels of consumption, and the degradation of lands that previously provided a natural replenishment of water resources.

The study is intended as an aid to the world’s efforts to combat climate change and other environmental threats, as it highlights the difficulties of improving the lives of people in developing countries and tackling global warming, while food resources come under continuing pressure.

UNEP found the rate of damage to the natural environment was increasing globally, despite concerted efforts to persuade governments to take measures to improve the condition of vital natural resources, such as water, land and the seas.

“If current trends continue, and the world fails to enact solutions that improve patterns of production and consumption, if we fail to use natural resources sustainably, then the state of the world’s environment will continue to decline,” warned Achim Steiner, executive director of UNEP.

He said the tools for improving the environment for millions of people existed in developed countries but were in danger of not being used.

The study, using decades of scientific data, found that basic measures to tackle some of the key causes of environmental damage were still not being taken. These included measures to reduce air pollution, such as changes to vehicles; the damage to marine eco-systems, which can have a huge effect on fish stocks on which hundreds of millions of people depend; and the degradation of land when modern agricultural methods were pursued without regard to the longer-term consequences.

Despite the recent global agreement on cutting greenhouse gas emissions, signed in Paris last December, global carbon output continues to rise. The report argues this will put a long-term strain on the ability of developing economies to feed their own people as the result of changes such as increased droughts and floods.

Climate change is exacerbated by the emissions of greenhouse gases from agriculture, including the leaching of nitrous oxide – a powerful greenhouse gas – from run-off emissions and incorrectly stored animal manure.

These sources increased by more than a quarter between 2000 and 2010, the report found.

Other problem areas identified in the report included glaciers in the Andes, which provide vital water resources for tens of millions of people, but which are shrinking as the climate warms.

In rich countries, these problems have built up over decades and centuries while economic growth was pursued at the expense of the environment. Subsequent efforts to remedy the environment have met with partial success. But in developing countries, the path of future development has more potential to change, which has encouraged international institutions to devise more sustainable growth pathways that are supposed both to alleviate poverty and preserve the environment. If they follow the same pattern of growth, then the danger of irreparable environmental damage will intensify, the study’s authors conclude.

They recommend an increased awareness of the environmental impact of development. For instance, exploiting water resources can be made more sustainable by recycling water where possible, and changing agriculture so that wasteful methods of irrigation are replaced by more efficient ones.

Developing countries should also change their methods of dealing with waste, the report found, so as to protect clean water sources and prevent the burning of solid waste in landfill dumps.


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Does ethical consumption have to cost so much?

VAIDEHI SHAH Today Online 13 May 16;

Eat organic food. Drive an electric car, not a gas-guzzler. Buy clothes made by fairly paid workers: Such calls have grown louder and more frequent in recent years.

While responsible consumption advocates mean well, they often overlook the fact that not everyone can afford these sustainable goods, which are usually more expensive than mass-market products.

The poor are being priced out of sustainable and ethical consumer options, and this is wrong for many reasons.

First, it is a fundamental injustice that pesticide-free food and non-toxic household items are a privilege only for the wealthy.

Second, some may assume that those who do not buy ethical options are ignorant or apathetic. This moral burden is misplaced, as many people simply cannot afford them.

Third, a responsible consumer society will never be a reality if sustainable goods remain out of reach for an entire cross-section of the population.

Many ground-up movements such as food cooperatives and do-it-yourself websites are working to bring healthy and safe essentials to people in an affordable way, but it is not possible to forgo buying from stores altogether.

Do sustainable products in supermarkets have to be so much costlier than their mass-market counterparts? And how can companies and policymakers help make these products affordable for mainstream consumers?

Closer scrutiny is needed over the price mark-ups on sustainable goods.

In Singapore, for example, an online search reveals that organic apples cost four times as much as non-certified ones. Meanwhile, eco-friendly detergent from a speciality brand costs twice as much as those from a housebrand manufacturer.

Yes, responsible manufacturing is not cheap. Obtaining environmental certifications is resource-intensive, as is following industry guidelines on fair labour practices and reporting.

But the lack of data makes it difficult to determine whether the high cost of sustainable products is justified or simply opportunistic marketing targeted at affluent customers, and the only way to get this information is for companies to report it.

One manufacturer which does this is the American clothing company Everlane. The firm, which prides itself on “radical transparency”, breaks down the price of each product into materials, labour, transport, and other expenses, as well as its own cut.

Companies have traditionally been tight-lipped about their finances, arguing that revealing such information would undermine their competitiveness. But Everlane’s continuing growth shows that transparency does not have to mean commercial suicide.

Determining whether a mark-up is fair is bound to be subjective. But if prices are several times higher than the cost of goods sold, then consumers should ask if making goods for only an exclusive segment is truly ethical or just hollow marketing.

Here, governments can help defray costs for companies by providing grants for innovating cost-effective, sustainable technologies or subsidising environmental certifications. They can also introduce legislation on minimum sustainability standards for products.

Singapore already has some schemes in place, such as the National Environment Agency’s Environment Technology Research Programme, which provides seed funding for clean technology development.

The Singapore Government’s recent move to buy only paper that carries the Singapore Green Label environmental certification also shows that the public sector can support sustainable companies by aggregating demand for their products.

The other issue that needs to be addressed is the wide spectrum of standards. While there are regulations governing minimum safety and environmental standards for products, these do not always ensure important outcomes such as avoiding deforestation or exploitation.

Governments are constantly tightening criteria, but bureaucratic progress can be slow. Firms should not passively wait for policies when they can take the lead on improving sustainability across their products — not just for altruistic reasons, but also because of a strong business case for doing so.

For instance, the Norwegian pension fund’s recent decision to drop 11 companies from its portfolio over links to deforestation and the fossil fuel divestment movement shows that businesses must be sustainable to stay afloat.

To some extent, companies like Unilever and Nestle have made it a company-wide policy to source only certified sustainable agricultural raw materials as well as reduce greenhouse gas emissions and water use, among other things.

Yet, even so-called leaders in corporate environmental stewardship make products with varying safety and environmental credentials.

Unilever, for example, makes St Ives, a line of all-natural personal care products that are free of parabens, a preservative with suspected but unconfirmed links to cancer. But it also freely admits to using parabens for its Simple brand of toiletries, saying they are safe. This inconsistency is disturbing. Should companies not apply the same standards to all their products?

Would it not be more cost effective for companies to stop spending on developing, designing and marketing multiple unsustainable brands, and instead put their resources behind fewer, sustainable ones? The savings from canning the former could fund certifications or higher wages for the latter.

These are just some ways companies can ensure their products help the rich and poor alike.

We should all keep up the pressure on companies to do this. But while we wait for change, those of us who can afford ethical options should continue to buy them, to signal that there is demand for these products.

Some companies may take this as a sign to continue with business as usual. But more visionary players can use this consumer support to make an affordable, mass-market solution.

This is what American electric automaker Tesla did when it launched the US$35,000 (S$48,000) Model 3 last month. The company’s chairman, Mr Elon Musk, noted that the Model 3’s development was supported by profits from earlier cars, which sold for about US$100,000 each.

Making sustainable, ethical products the new normal should be a top priority for all companies today. As long as it is not their prime concern, this failure will always undermine their sustainability claims or, worse, their bottom line.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

Vaidehi Shah is a correspondent for Eco-Business, an Asia-Pacific sustainable business online publication.


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SEC to start certifying palm oil products from Feb

Carolyn Khew, The Straits Times AsiaOne 9 Nov 15;

The Singapore Environment Council (SEC) is expected to start certifying palm oil-based products in February next year.

In response to queries from The Straits Times, SEC executive director Edwin Seah said it is working with professional services firm Ernst & Young to develop a new product category for products that have palm oil, under its Singapore Green Labelling Scheme (SGLS).

The non-governmental group has awarded its green label to over 3,000 products here but currently does not certify palm oil-based products, which include chocolates, hand soaps and detergents.

The new category will also be developed with input from palm oil certification body, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). "The key challenge is the supply chain trail but we are assured that this will be verified by RSPO, and we will require RSPO certification when a company submits its product for SGLS certification," said Mr Seah.

Manufacturers that wish to apply for the certification may do so from February, and applications are expected to take about two weeks to process once all documents are in.

Mr Stephano Savi, RSPO's global outreach and engagement director, has said that as much as 80 per cent of global palm oil is uncertified.

The complex supply chain and lack of transparency make it difficult for palm oil products to be certified. For instance, there could be mixing of palm oil from different sources at multiple stages in the supply chain, making it tough to trace a product back to one source.

The demand for greater transparency and sustainably sourced products came under the spotlight after Singapore suffered one of its most prolonged periods of haze.

While the haze this year may not have been as bad as the 1997 episode, it has surpassed the 2013 one in magnitude and duration, said Dr Erik Velasco, a research scientist from the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology.

During the 2013 episode, the three-hour Pollutant Standards Index hit a high of 401. That episode was very intense, said Dr Velasco, but it lasted only a week. This year, it has lasted three months so far.

As of last Friday, 131 firms have signed the SEC declaration saying they procure their wood, paper and/or pulp materials from sustainable sources. SEC's move had sparked a chain reaction, with retailers like NTUC FairPrice pulling paper products linked to the haze.

When asked, Dr Seck Tan, a research fellow from the Centre on Asia and Globalisation at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, acknowledged that while consumer pressure is one way of tackling the haze issue, not all end-consumers would be able to make informed choices as palm oil is often labelled as vegetable oil.

"The responsibility falls on companies to ensure consumers are well informed with their product purchases. Hence, these companies, as corporate consumers, should stipulate accountable and sustainable farming from oil palm producers," said Dr Tan.

Major palm oil players such as Wilmar and Cargill said they have initiatives in place to ensure a traceable supply chain.

Mr Graham Usher, who studies habitat change and forest loss in northern Sumatra at conservation group PanEco Foundation, said that one way in which the haze problem can be more effectively tackled is by better regulating smaller-scale oil palm plantations.

"That does not mean that large companies are blameless and should not be scrutinised, but I do believe that a lot of destruction is driven by smaller-scale land-grabbing," he said.


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Indonesia: Consumers ready for sustainable palm oil

Hans Nicholas Jong, The Jakarta Post 7 Nov 15;

Almost 8 million consumers, over a quarter of the Indonesian market, are willing to switch to sustainable palm oil products as long as they are properly informed and the products are widely available in the market, a recent study has found.

The study, the first to analyze the perception of Indonesian consumers regarding sustainable palm oil products, found that 27 percent of its 800 respondents would use sustainable palm oil products and were willing to pay extra for them.

The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), in collaboration with Daemeter Consulting, conducted the survey between May and October this year in five major cities: Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, Medan and Palembang.

Of the 7.9 million consumers who they would use such products, 2.9 million were willing to support the cause by initiating and taking part in campaigns.

“From this highly committed group of people, more than 60 percent said that they were willing to buy sustainable palm oil products that were much more expensive [than regular ones],” Daemeter Consulting sustainability communications manager Leony Aurora said.

The rest said they were willing to buy only sustainable palm oil products.

Apart from the 7.9 million potential consumers, at least 13 million more consumers could be encouraged to switch to sustainable palm oil products, the report said.

“These people are referred to as ‘followers’ [...] Maybe we need a big-name celebrity to campaign for the cause. Most people in this group don’t want to pay extra [for sustainable palm oil products],” said Leony.

While the report acknowledges that there is a huge market and potential demand for sustainable palm oil in the country, a myriad of challenges remain ahead, including the fact that most customers do not have enough understanding of the concept of sustainability as well as the impact of unsustainable oil palm plantations.

“When we asked the respondents about the impact of palm oil, 37 percent said it had a positive impact while another 37 percent said there was no impact whatsoever. This is shocking because there is a disconnect between what the media is reporting [the negative impact of oil palm plantations] and consumers,” Leony said.

Of those who said that oil palm plantations had a positive impact, 31 percent said the plantations were beneficial to the environment.

“They believe they will reduce pollution and increase greenery. So they think planting [an oil palm] tree equals green equals good. Maybe the government’s program on planting trees is too successful so that the public thinks whatever trees are being planted is good [for the environment],” said Leony. “They’re overestimating the environmental benefit produced by monoculture plantations.”

On the other hand, only 4 percent believed that oil palm plantations had a negative impact, with 78 percent of them saying that they were destructive of the environment.

“The number who said palm oil plantations had a [negative] social impact was very small, only 7 percent. So media reporting on indigenous peoples has failed to resonate with the public,” said Leony.

RSPO global outreach and engagement director Stefano Savi said the palm oil industry in Indonesia should learn from the study.

“This is a great advantage, this means we can communicate the issue of sustainability without having the risk of emphasizing the negative aspects. So what are we waiting for? Let’s educate consumers,” he said.

World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Indonesia Market Transformation Initiative deputy leader Irwan Gunawan said palm oil firms should start a revolution in the industry by introducing more sustainable products into the market, instead of waiting for consumers to demand them.

“It’s always a question of chicken and egg. But for me, it’s the chicken [palm oil firms] who should first lay the eggs [sustainable palm oil products]. This is capital investment. In the first five years, you might bleed money, but after that you will reap the benefits,” he said.

— JP/Hans Nicholas Jong


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Asia Pulp & Paper hit by another company withdrawal

Today Online 20 Oct 15;

SINGAPORE — The fallout for Asia Pulp & Paper Group (APP) over alleged links to the Indonesian forest fires causing haze continues, with online grocer RedMart announcing yesterday (Oct 19) that it was withdrawing from sale all paper products sourced from the company. The withdrawal took effect at 6pm yesterday. Products affected by the withdrawal include Paseo and NICE brands.

RedMart said in a statement yesterday that it was doing so because of ongoing investigations by the National Environment Agency (NEA). The NEA has asked APP — a subsidiary of the Indonesian Sinar Mas Group — to provide more information on what it is doing to put out fires on its land concessions.

The NEA has also served preventive measures notices to six Indonesian firms, directing them to put out fires on their property: PT Bumi Andalas Permai, PT Bumi Sriwijaya Sentosa, PT Rimba Hutani Mas, PT Sebangun Bumi Andalas Wood Industries, PT Wachyuni Mandira and PT Bumi Mekar Hijau.

Since the NEA revealed the names of the firms it is probing, the Singapore Environment Council (SEC) and the Consumers Association of Singapore have started a campaign urging retailers and other businesses to declare they do not source for materials or products from the firms.

he SEC has also restricted the use of APP’s Singapore Green Label certification. Businesses that have come aboard to make the declaration and pull APP products off their shelves include NTUC FairPrice, Prime and Sheng Shiong. Other companies such as Watsons have clarified they do not stock Paseo, NICE and Jolly brands by APP, and is working with suppliers to run an audit to ensure that their products are not procured from the six companies accused of contributing to the haze pollution.

RedMart said it carries 13 other paper products that are certified with the Singapore Green Label, and its own RedMart-branded paper products are all certified by the Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC). “RedMart has also created a ‘FSC’ certified search option and filter within its Paper & Tissue category to encourage its customers to buy sustainably produced products,” said the company.


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Hot weather is a reminder to care for environment: Grace Fu

The MP for Yuhua urged her residents to be mindful of how they were contributing to climate change, while leading them on a tree-planting and mass cleaning exercise.
Chan Luo Er Channel NewsAsia 18 Oct 15;

SINGAPORE: Culture, Community and Youth Minister Grace Fu said the hot weather, which is contributing to the haze, is a reminder that everyone has to care for the environment.

The MP for Yuhua urged her residents to be mindful of how they're contributing to climate change as they celebrated the nation's annual Clean and Green Week.

"The haze, in Malaysia or in Indonesia, is not just because of burning. It is also because of climate change,” she said. “In a time where we are expecting rain, we are not getting rain. The weather is dryer than before.

“Start with taking care of our place, start from not littering, start from recycling, start from reducing what you consume, reuse what you have. These are all acts that each of us individually can do to protect this place and keep it better for future generations, for SG100."

On Sunday morning (Oct 18), Ms Fu led her residents on a tree-planting and mass cleaning exercise. She said the exercise allowed residents to see the extent of the littering problem in the neighbourhood. She added that this is something residents are unaware of, as the town council and cleaners work very hard to pick up after them.

A 'No Cleaners Day' was declared the day before, on Saturday.

- CNA/ek


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Asia Pulp & Paper says comprehensive solution involving all stakeholders needed to solve crisis

Last month, the National Environment Agency served Asia Pulp & Paper (APP) a notice, seeking information on its subsidiaries in Singapore and Indonesia, as well as measures taken by its suppliers in Indonesia to put out fires in their concessions. This month, FairPrice, Sheng Siong and Prime Supermarket pulled APP products off their shelves. On Thursday, a day after meeting the NEA, Senior APP Executives met journalists from Singapore Press Holdings To give their side of the story.

KENNETH LIM The New Paper 17 Oct 15;

Asia Pulp & Paper (APP) and its parent company, Sinar Mas, are on a mission to tell anyone who will listen that they did not start the fires behind the regional haze, and that a comprehensive solution involving all stakeholders is needed to solve the crisis.

The largest pulp and paper company in the region, APP has found itself trying to put out fires for the past few months, both in a literal sense and in the sense of dealing with regulatory and public anger.

At least the metaphorical fires can be fought in the comfort of meeting rooms.

Sinar Mas agribusiness and food chairman and chief executive Franky Widjaja, APP managing director Linda Wijaya and APP sustainability and stakeholder engagement managing director Aida Greenbury met newspaper journalists from Singapore Press Holdings, including The Business Times, on Thursday.

The meeting, which was initiated by the companies, came a day after they met officials from Singapore's National Environment Agency (NEA).

"We understand this frustration," Mr Widjaja said. "What we've been discussing with our Indonesian government is not just firefight, what we have today, but how can we really make sure in future there is no occurrence.

"But we also informed them that we need to be very clear in terms of really addressing the issue rather than politicising it."

Mr Widjaja reiterated APP's stance that the company and its suppliers did not start the fires in South Sumatra that have been identified as the chief source of the current haze.

More than 80 per cent of the fires started from outside of concessions held by APP or its suppliers and spread to their property via wind and transmission in peatland.

Fires that started within their concessions can be attributed to existing occupants who are not part of the company or its suppliers, and to illegal logging, Ms Greenbury said.

There is some basis for APP's assertions that some fires were started outside of its concessions. Until recently, Indonesian law allowed small farmers to burn up to two hectares of land, a rule that the Indonesian disaster management agency has said was a source of abuse.

Beyond having little control over the source of the fires, APP's ability to control the fires has also been stretched by El Nino weather patterns that have created unusually hot and dry weather conditions this year, Mr Widjaja said.

The company's immediate priority is to control the fires, he said. The hot and dry weather is spreading north towards Riau, which would make the haze even worse for Singapore, Malaysia and the local Indonesian islands if the fires cannot be controlled by then.

Plantation owners in the region and the government have come up with a plan to jointly fight the fires and there are plans to bring in larger equipment, such as heavier-payload helicopters, Mr Widjaja said.

Over the longer term, Mr Widjaja hopes that cooperatives such as those used by oil palm companies can be used for other agricultural crops, which would give small farmers an alternative to slash and burn.

Business owners are now working on plans to "bring these people to the cooperatives, to become real, good farmers".

Explaining the complexities of the fires to the public has taken on more urgency in the wake of actions taken by regulators and watchdogs.

NEA said that APP had provided more details sought by the agency about information related to APP's subsidiaries and its suppliers at their Wednesday meeting.

NEA has also sought further information, which APP has said it will provide.

The Singapore Environment Council's (SEC) withholding of the Green Label certification for APP products has led retailers in Singapore to pull APP products from their shelves.

Asked about the status of APP's Green Labels, a spokesman for the SEC said that the group is still "sorting out the declaration forms" submitted by APP. The spokesman said that there was no indicative timeline on when the SEC might make a decision on whether to restore the Green Label for APP's products.

- This article, from yesterday's Business Times, has been edited for length

Indonesia launches biggest fire operation ever

On Friday, Indonesia launched its biggest operation ever to combat fires blanketing Southeast Asia in haze, an official said, with dozens of planes and thousands of troops.

32 planes and helicopters - including six aircraft from Singapore, Malaysia and Australia - were dispatched to support the over 22,000 personnel on the ground who have been fighting the fires for weeks.

Indonesian National Disaster Management Agency spokesman Sutopo Purwo Nugroho said the air teams would conduct water-bombing and weather modification efforts across six of the worst-hit provinces in Sumatra and Indonesian portion of Borneo island.

Scientists have warned that this year's blazes are on track to be the worst ever as an El Nino weather system has created tinder-dry conditions in Indonesia.

This month, Jakarta accepted international help after weeks of failed attempts to douse the blazes infuriated its neighbours. - AFP

- See more at: http://www.tnp.sg/news/singapore-news/asia-pulp-paper-says-comprehensive-solution-involving-all-stakeholders-needed#sthash.XwZSBaT9.dpuf


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Sustainability not high up in minds of Singaporean consumers

Today Online 16 Oct 15;

SINGAPORE – Among consumers in Southeast Asia, Singaporeans were the least conscious about sustainability when making purchases, with only 55 per cent saying they will pay more for sustainable products, a recent survey showed.

Instead, consumers here were more concerned about their trust in a brand, followed by the health and wellness benefits in a product, according to a Nielsen poll, which surveyed 30,000 consumers across 60 countries from February to March this year. The survey asked them how much factors such as the environment, packaging, price, marketing, and organic or health and wellness claims affect their decision to buy a product.

In the survey, the Vietnamese showed the greatest commitment to social responsibility, with 86 per cent of respondents stating that they were willing to pay extra for a product or service with a positive social and environment impact. Then came the Filipinos with 83 per cent. The average for the region was 80 per cent.



Globally, consumers in North America were the least socially conscious, with only 44 per cent of respondents saying they would pay more for a sustainable product.

When it comes to sales, consumer goods from brands with a demonstrated commitment to sustainability grew more than four per cent globally over the year. Brands that went without a sustainable outlook grew less than 1 per cent, according to Nielsen’s retail sales analysis which concluded in December last year. WONG PEI TING


S'pore not as keen on buying green as neighbours
Jessica Lim, The Straits Times AsiaOne 18 Oct 15;

Singapore lags behind its South-east Asian neighbours when it comes to "buying green", although it is showing signs of improvement, a new survey suggests.

Asked if they would pay extra for environmentally sustainable products and services, 55 per cent of Singaporeans answered yes - compared to 86 per cent of consumers in Vietnam, 83 per cent in the Philippines, 79 per cent in Thailand, 78 per cent in Indonesia and 69 per cent in Malaysia.

The Republic's figure was also lower than the overall global score of 66 per cent.

Research firm Nielsen polled 30,000 consumers in 60 countries from Feb 23 to March 13.

However, the study found slight improvement here. Last year, only 49 per cent of Singaporeans were willing to pay more for greener products. The survey polled 504 consumers here and asked what influenced their purchasing decisions.

It found that 52 per cent indicated brand trust as the most important consideration, with 47 per cent indicating health and wellness as the second key factor. Only a quarter of Singaporeans surveyed thought that the environment and the community were important factors.

Singapore Polytechnic senior retail lecturer Sarah Lim was not surprised by the results.

"Singaporeans are aware of environmental issues but don't feel the impact," she said. "We don't see deforestation happen, massive floods don't rock our economy. Singaporeans are generally also less exposed to nature compared to people in countries with mountains, rolling hills and nature parks.

"So we find it more difficult to relate to environmental issues. Instead, consumers here are more pragmatic and price-driven."

However, she added that the survey was conducted before the haze hit Singapore this year and before the Government started investigating Asia Pulp and Paper (APP). "Hopefully, there is more awareness now."

Earlier this month, major retailers were asked by the Singapore Environment Council to declare that they do not sell products from APP, which is being investigated for its possible links to the haze-causing forest and peatland fires in Indonesia.

Retailers including FairPrice, Sheng Siong and Prime Supermarket have taken APP products off their shelves.

The saga seemed to have galvanised a movement among consumers here. A Straits Times street poll on Thursday found that many would not buy from companies linked to the haze.

Fitness trainer Georgina Chua, 31, now thinks twice when buying a product and has started recycling more. "The price still matters, but now, if I see a green or eco label, I will choose that item if I can afford it," she said. "The haze has made me more aware."


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Does green living always result in higher monetary cost?

Switching to eco-friendly practices does not necessarily cost more, according to some companies and consumers.
Rachelle Lee Channel NewsAsia 15 Oct 15;

SINGAPORE: The haze in Singapore has focused attention on green living, and while some companies have said switching to eco-friendly practices can result in higher costs, others have said that this does not have to be the case.

Those whom Channel NewsAsia spoke with said green practices may even help to save money.

Interior designer Sky Creations has said green features do not necessarily cost more. Over the past three years, they have seen a significant increase in demand from home owners for such green features, particularly energy-efficient designs which offer the largest potential for savings.

For Ms Lee Kheng, she said she chose to include eco-friendly features in her home as it could save money in the long run. The furnishings in her HDB flat are made from sustainable materials certified by the Singapore Green Label. The eco-friendly appliances help to reduce energy consumption, and she has also installed a master switch that can power down the house, with the exception of the refrigerator, when no one is home.

"Before I renovated my house, my electrical bills were very expensive. Now, I save more than a hundred dollars on electrical bills every month,” she said.

More consumers are also making environmentally-friendly choices when they go shopping as prices of such products have dropped. Supermarket chain FairPrice said it has seen a rise in demand for eco-friendly products, with a year-on-year increase of 10 per cent in sales.

"In FairPrice, we have more stores carrying (green products). I think the consumers themselves are also finding that the prices are coming down, so more people are buying them,” said FairPrice’s Green Committee chairperson Koh Kok Sin. “We call this economies of scale - the more consumers support them, the more that our suppliers and manufacturers can produce them at a lower cost. So if more of us support these products, first of all it’s better for the environment, secondly it helps to lower cost.”

Some new eco-friendly items in the market include bamboo toilet paper and coconut charcoal.

But some consumers are still not aware of the green choices available. They told Channel NewsAsia that they have not come across them in the market, or that they have not thought of switching to buying environmentally-friendly products.

Olive Green, which brings in eco-friendly tableware, said one reason that may be stopping people from making greener choices is a lack of awareness.

"We are so used to the norm, if something strange comes along, it takes time for us to adjust. When they are so used to a particular supply chain and then out of the blue someone comes along and offer something completely different, the first questions they ask are, ‘Is somebody else using it? How good is it?’” said Mr Aloysius Cheong, CEO of Olive Green.

The recent episode of haze, however, has helped to raise awareness of how consumers can make a difference when they choose environmentally sustainable products.

"Sometimes negative events like the haze creates more consumer awareness of the need to support sustainable products,” said Mr Koh.

The Singapore Environment Council said large retail outlets can take the lead by providing consumers with the opportunity to choose green products. But it added that a more sustainable alternative is to enact a green procurement policy at a national level, which could generate an influx of green products in the market to meet consumer demand.

- CNA/xq


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More than 3,000 companies asked to sign 'haze-free' declaration

So far, only 38 firms have joined the signing campaign declaring they do not procure wood, paper or pulp materials from the six companies accused of causing the forest fires in Indonesia.

By Imelda Saad, Channel NewsAsia 12 Oct 15;

SINGAPORE: The Singapore Environment Council (SEC) and Consumers Association of Singapore (CASE) have said that they are keeping up the pressure on firms to go green: They have asked more than 3,000 companies to declare that they procure wood, paper and pulp material only from sustainable sources.

In a joint statement on Monday (Oct 12), the two bodies said that printing companies, as well as manufacturers and distributors of recycled material have also been asked to make a similar declaration.

However, only 38 companies have joined the signing campaign so far. Out of these, 10 -including Canon Singapore and Fuji Xerox Singapore - have already signed the declaration the week before. The list will be updated on both the SEC-SGLS’s (http://www.sgls.sec.org.sg/) and CASE’s (http://www.case.org.sg/) websites.

As the haze pollution persists in the region, Singapore's advocacy groups are urging consumers to review the list and not support the six Indonesian companies named by the National Environment Agency to have behaved irresponsibly and contributed to the haze problem.

Several retailers have removed products related to Asia Pulp and Paper Group, after its Singapore Green label was temporarily restricted. APP is one of the companies being investigated by the Singapore government.

- CNA/hs


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Palm oil in your grocery items could be from haze culprits

Jessica Lim, My Paper AsiaOne 8 Oct 15;

PAPER products may just be the tip of the iceberg: Many grocery items here could come from plantations that contribute to the haze.

In an exclusive interview with The Straits Times yesterday, Stefano Savi from the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) said that about half of the products on supermarket shelves here contain palm oil - from toothpaste and cosmetics to bread and frozen french fries.

Mr Savi, the global outreach and engagement director of RSPO, a palm oil certification body, added that as much as 80 per cent of global palm oil is uncertified.

"While we are sure about the origins and the sustainability criteria under which 20 per cent of global palm oil is produced, we are not able to claim the same for the other 80 per cent," he said, adding that the 1,400 fires that happened in Indonesia in the whole of last month were within oil palm plantations.

Errant oil palm plantation owners set fire to adjacent forests to open up new land for growing. Some also use this method to clear their plantations after a crop cycle.

Culprits are difficult to trace as supply chain processes are muddied by factors such as a lack of land ownership information in Indonesia and bulk processing, in which fruits from hundreds of small plantations are trucked to a central mill where they are mixed up.

There are 19 firms in Singapore with RSPO certification, including instant noodle maker Tat Hui Foods and consumer products company Procter & Gamble.

RSPO does not track the products of its certified organisations but Mr Savi, who is based in RSPO's headquarters in Kuala Lumpur, reckons that only a handful of products here have its mark.

The low take-up rate could be due to several reasons, he said.

Palm oil typically makes up just a small part of the formulation of a product, so few firms think it is necessary to use sustainable supplies. Distributors who want to sell RSPO certified products will also need to get their supplies from RSPO certified mills and growers.

"Also, in certain markets, palm oil is not perceived positively, so companies won't want to emphasise that palm oil is in their products at all," he added. Around a fifth of the world's palm oil is now certified by RSPO.

The Singapore Environment Council (SEC) - which has awarded green labels to over 3,000 products here - does not currently certify palm oil-based products here, but plans to do so by early next year.

"Not many firms here have RSPO certification, so we are looking to move into that sector because palm oil is used in so many products," said SEC's head of eco-certification, Kavickumar Muruganathan.

When contacted, World Wide Fund for Nature Singapore director of communications Kim Stengert said there is not yet a range of certified sustainable palm oil products available here.

"At this stage, if all the non-certified palm oil products were taken off the shelves, we would have very empty supermarkets," he said. "Consumers need to be able to express their preference for sustainable palm oil through their purchasing decisions."


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