Malaysia: Johor MB hopes cloud seeding would improve water levels in Johor

AHMAD FAIRUZ OTHMAN New Straits Times 15 Sep 15;

JOHOR BARU: Menteri Besar Datuk Seri Mohamed Khaled Nordin said he hoped the cloud seeding operation that is expected to start in Johor at the end of this month will stabilise the water levels at the Sungai Layang and Sungai Lebam dams.

He said the exercise was necessary as it was hoped it will settle the issue of water supply in Johor.

Khaled said the cloud seeding operation was important to stabilise the low water levels at the two dams, which has led to water rationing in the entire area of Pasir Gudang and parts of Johor Baru.

"I urge the people involved in the scheduled water supply in the areas to be patient, and to be prudent when using water.

"It is hoped that the cloud seeding exercise would lead to rain in the affected water catchment areas and restore the water levels (at the dams)," he said in a statement.

Khaled said the water rationing exercise by water utility SAJ Holdings Sdn Bhd for the past month has extended the water reserves in the affected dams.

He said the situation must be closely monitored due to the uncertain rain patterns, and said the rain do not fall on water catchment areas.

He said as part of measures to supplement raw water supply at Sungai Johor, water utility SAJ Holdings would channel water from Sungai Tiram to Sungai Johor on Oct 1.

"The state government was also considering stopping the scheduled water supply for three days on Sept 23, 24 and 25. This will allow the people to celebrate Hari Raya Aidiladha and school holidays more comfortably," he said.


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Malaysia: Group plans march to Indonesian Embassy to protest haze

PATRICK LEE The Star 15 Sep 15;

KUALA LUMPUR: A group of citizens are planning to march to the Indonesian Embassy on Friday to protest the haze currently engulfing Malaysia.

The group plans on gathering at the KLCC Park at 9am Friday before marching to the embassy some 2km away.

In a Facebook post addressed to Indonesian president Joko Widodo, they demanded that Indonesia deal with the problem right away.

"We note that this year the haze is as bad as ever, with the unhealthy air quality forcing our authorities to shut schools in four states and divert dozens of flights.

"This is despite the fact that your government finally signed the Asean Haze Agreement after a 14-year delay," it read.

It added that if Indonesia did not deal with the problem, then the group would take the fight to plantation companies it claimed were responsible for the haze.

Lead organiser Lim Teck Wyn said he came up with the idea because he was sick of the haze.

"I'm organising it because I got a bit of a cough. I miss the blue skies and clear air," he said.

He added that he wasn't expecting a large crowd on Friday, and as such wasn't "too worried" about disturbing traffic.

When asked if he informed police of the march, Lim said he was in the midst of doing that.

He said that handing over the memorandum would be the first step, and was not optimistic that the problem would be solved soon.

At 5pm, Terengganu's Kemaman recorded the highest Air Pollutant Index readings in the country at 192.

Large parts of the Peninsular and Sarawak have also been shrouded by haze.

Many unhappy about being told of closures at the eleventh hour
The Star 16 Sep 15;

PETALING JAYA: Parents and teachers were relieved with the Education Ministry’s decision to close schools due to the haze but many were unhappy with being told only at the eleventh hour.

Corporate training manager Jacqueline Ambrose, 43, said she expected an announcement on Sunday night after a weekend of bad haze.

“We are relieved that schools are closed but the notice was a little late in coming, seeing that the haze was visibly critical from Saturday itself.

“We are disappointed that the Government dallied in deciding to keep our children out of school and indoors,” said Jacqueline whose children are 14 and 12 years old.

The Education Ministry ann­ounced just before midnight on Monday that schools in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Negri Sembilan and Malacca would be closed. The ministry said it had no choice but to make the snap decision to close schools when the Air Pollutant Index (API) reached 195 on Monday night.

Minister Datuk Seri Mahdzir Khalid said the ministry issued the announcement at 11.30pm.

Some parents only learnt of the move through social media or friends while others received word from their school administrations.

“The announcement was done late at night.

“How many parents, especially those with children studying in morning session like me would be up at that hour?” housewife Lynn Lee, 37 asked, adding that she had woken up at night to read a WhatsApp message on the closure from a friend.

Rachel, a 35-year-old secondary school teacher in Kuala Lumpur said there were many students who went to school yesterday only to be told to go back home.

She said things were already bad last week and the school did not have any outdoor activities due to the haze.

“However in our school, the classroom’s windows and doors are wide open so we are all exposed to the haze during the school hours.

“I pity my students, they were rather tired and some were falling sick,” she added.

In Ampangan, Seremban, self-employed Abdul Nasir Abdullah, 53, said the announcement came too late.

“The authorities should be more sensitive to these things,” he said adding that his wife who ran a food stall near a school near here lost business as most of her customers, including parents, did not turn up following the closure.

In Shah Alam, Helena, a teacher with an international school, said her principal e-mailed her around 1am to inform the teachers on the ministry’s decision.

“My principal said the teachers are required to stand by in school, just in case parents send their children to school.

“At about 4am, I received another e-mail from the administration stating that parents were notified about the closure,” said Helena.

“The teachers attended a briefing and were told to email the homework for today as well as Thursday, in case the school remains closed,” said Helena, adding that teachers were allowed to go home shortly after that.

Pan Malaysian Bus Operators Association president Datuk Mohamad Ashfar Ali said that a few schoolbus drivers complained about the lack of notice but were glad that schools were shut.

“Driving around in the haze endangers both drivers and pupils. While the timing caught us offguard, the decision was welcome.”

Ministry leaving it to experts on when to close schools
The Star 16 Sep 15;

KUALA LUMPUR: The Education Ministry will leave it to experts to decide on the haze levels that should lead to school closure.

Under current regulations, no outdoor activity is allowed in schools when the Air Pollutant Index (API) readings hit 150 (unhealthy). Schools are closed when it reaches 200 (very unhealthy).

Education Minister Datuk Seri Mahdzir Khalid agreed that these levels needed to be looked at again.

He will be seeking the advice of a review team which will include experts from MetMalaysia along with the health, environment and education ministries.

“We are leaving it to them to make a decision,” said Mahdzir at the Teacher Training Institute in Lembah Pantai yesterday.

Over 1.5 million students were affected by yesterday’s closure of 2,045 schools in Selangor, Negri Sembilan, Malacca, Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur. The ruling also affected international schools.

Mahdzir defended the eleventh hour decision on Monday night which left some parents fuming.

He pointed out the decision was made at 11.30pm when API readings were at 195 and were expected to rise further.

“We cannot plan when the haze happens. It’s almost like a natural disaster. If it could be planned I would make the announcement (about the closures) at 6pm for the convenience of these parents.”

Mahdzir said the ministry would announce when schools will reopen and urged parents to monitor news reports for latest developments.

The ministry is also closely monitoring API readings in Perak, Pahang and Terengganu which were also rising.

A circular on hot weather precautions – drinking adequate water and using masks – has been issued to protect students in the three states. The ministry is also mulling on whether to order replacement classes for yesterday’s closure.

In Alor Gajah, 313 schools in Malacca were closed after air pollutant levels neared the very unhealthy level yesterday.

“We are waiting for further directives from the ministry to keep the schools closed after Sept 16 if the API remains unhealthy,” Chief Minister Datuk Seri Idris Haron said.

One parent Low Sai May, 36 said the Education Ministry should not wait for the API to hit 200 before deciding to close.

“This is a question of children’s health. The decision to close should be made once it reaches 150,” she said.

In Johor Baru, the state Education Department directed all schools to refrain from conducting outdoor lessons and activities. Its director Aminnudin Adam said they were keeping tabs on the API readings on an hourly basis and updating the schools on the situation.


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Malaysia: Unhealthy API readings brings a halt to outdoor activities

NOEL FOO AND KATHLEEN MICHAEL The Star 16 Sep 15;

Visibility in the Klang Valley may have improved slightly after a bout of rain yesterday morning, but there is yet to be any significant improvement in the Air Pollutant Index (API) readings.

Several outdoor events were also postponed to a later date in light of the conditions, such as AIA’s Touching Lives Charity Bazaar.

The Subang Jaya Municipal Council postponed a corporate social responsibility tree planting activity scheduled for Saturday at Taman Tasik Puchong Perdana.

It may also decide to cancel the Larian SJ10K on Sunday if the condition does not improve.

After parents expressed their concerns regarding schools still operating despite the haze, the Education Ministry made a last-minute decision to order schools in several states to close for at least two days.

Even Smart Reader Worldwide had postponed its event “My First Ringgit Workshop” scheduled for Sept 17 due to the bad haze situation.

The programme was designed for children aged between three and six years to educate them on the fundamentals of financial knowledge and importance of saving money.

However, life goes on for working Malaysians, who have to brave the conditions and go to work as usual.

Human resource and business planning manager Seow Choon Hui, 25, who takes the train to work at KL Sentral, planned to drive if the haze worsened.

“There was a day I was forced to take the train and it was quite bad. My eyes were tearing the whole day,” said Seow.

However, he admitted that he was not using a mask yet as the situation was not as bad as a few years ago.

University tutor Evelyn Toh, 24, will travel with her friends to Sarawak this week and she is concerned that the haze may affect their plans for outdoor activities.

“The API was between 150 and 200 in Kuching these few days. I actually went out to buy N95 masks for our trip,” said Toh, who was looking forward to activities such as kayaking, white water rafting, and caving.

“We will likely cut down on some of the activities depending on the haze. But I still plan on having fun while wearing my N95 mask,” she added.

According to the news reports, the Meteorological Department plans to carry out cloud seeding operations as soon as possible when the conditions are right.

Devaki Thannimalai, 60, who lives in Puchong is very disturbed by the haze in the Klang Valley.

She just returned home from a company trip to Vietnam and was greeted by the smell and sight of the haze on arrival.

“If I had known that I’d be back to a country that’s covered in haze, I would have extended my holiday in Vietnam,” she said, adding that the haze made it difficult for her to breathe and hurt her eyes.

Schools around the Klang Valley were notified to close as API readings hit 200 this week.

Form Four student Nicole Anne said before the school’s closure, all school activities were cancelled.

“During recess, students were told to go to the canteen, eat, then go back to their classrooms as soon as possible,” she said.

Taman Miharja Apartment resident Chan Chung Park, 26, said the haze was getting worse, especially on days it did not rain.

“The rain yesterday cleared the haze a little and visibility is better too. However, the haze condition throughout the week was really bad.

“I registered for a 10km run this Sunday and if the haze continues to be bad, I will not attend it,” he said.

Segambut Dalam resident Gai Sik Mei, 26, said the haze was worse compared to last week.

“The situation did not improve and some of the convenience stores ran out of stock for face masks.

“I used to do a lot of outdoor exercises but now I try to avoid going out. Gathering with friends are restricted to indoors,” she said.

Elizabeth K., 50 who resides in Shah Alam said the haze was an irritating recurrence.

“My eyes are smarting and I can’t do gardening. The weather looks like we are in a cold country but the smell tells us otherwise,” she said.

Cyberjaya is said to have one of the higher API readings in the Klang Valley and the haze had been tough on 26-year-old accountant Siti Nur Harini and her siblings.

“It’s just bad these past few weeks. Quite suffocating and our eyes teared easily. I even encouraged my younger brothers to skip school earlier in the week, and no laundry can be done too,” she said.

“Even with closed doors and windows, you can still smell smoke. It gets slightly better after the rain and I hope it stays this way until the end of the week,” she added.

34 areas declared unhealthy
The Star 16 Sep 15;

PETALING JAYA: A total of 34 areas have been declared unhealthy with their Air Pollutant Index (API) readings ranging between 104 and 188.

As the air quality continued to worsen, seven more places were added to the list on Monday.

The new areas are Paka (API reading of 111), Sibu (117), Sungai Petani (126), Perai (133), Seberang Jaya (160), Jerantut (160) and Indera Mahkota (150).

Meanwhile, four areas which recorded an API of over 180 are Jalan Pegoh in Ipoh (188), Batu Muda in Kuala Lumpur (185), Jalan Tasek in Ipoh (182) and Banting (181).

“The haze has not improved especially in Klang Valley, the north and south of West Coast and West Sarawak.

“The haze is still caused by the smoke travelling across borders following the southwest monsoon that brought polluted air from hotspots in Sumatera and Kalimantan in Indonesia,” the Natural Resources and Environment Ministry said in a statement yesterday.

The latest API reading can be viewed on http://apims.doe.gov.my.

Meanwhile, Malaysian Meteoro­logical Department Atmospheric Science and Cloud Seeding division director Maznorizan Mohamad said cloud seeding started yesterday to reduce the impact of the haze.

She said two Royal Malaysian Air Force Hercules C130 aircraft based in Subang and Kuching would be used to cover the Klang Valley, southern Perak, western Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka and the south and west of Sarawak.

“Rain can be expected several hours after the cloud seeding process is carried out and last up to an hour.

“It is hoped this will ease the haze in the areas concerned,” she told Bernama.


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Indonesian Police: Forest Fires More Difficult to Tackle Than Terrorism

Jakarta Globe 16 Sep 15;

Jakarta. Police have charged more than 100 individuals and are investigating dozens of companies believed to be responsible for forest fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan, but according to the chief of National Police, Gen. Badrodin Haiti, slash-and-burn cases are more difficult to solve than those involving drugs or terrorism.

“In terrorism and drugs [cases], we have access to preliminary information, there’s the links and networks [of offenders],” he said, adding the police in such cases can also question people who know the suspects and use wiretapping or tracking methods to go after perpetrators.

“However, for [forest] fires, [the problem] how we get this [preliminary information] fast, who started it?,” Badrodin said.

Badrodin said that fire spots can now be detected with satellites, but it is not immediately clear whether someone set that particular fire on purpose.

“We can’t possibly install CCTV to monitor every spot in the forest,” the police chief said.

Scientists and businesses have called on the government to revise laws that allow small subsistence farmers to perform slash-and-burn practices.

The issue is becoming more and more pressing as haze blankets large parts of Sumatra and Kalimantan and also Singapore and parts of Malaysia.

National Police spokesman Sr. Comr. Suharsono said on Monday that the police in various parts of country have charged at least 107 individuals believed to be responsible for a number of forest fire cases.

Meanwhile, the World Resources Institutes said in a statement on Saturday that fires have reached crisis levels in South Sumatra and Kalimantan, arguing that the situation is worse this year than the major outbreaks in June 2013, March 2014 and November 2014.

The WRI said satellites had detected 1,189 ‘high-confidence’ fire alerts, exceeding the highest peaks of the last two years and it said “many of the fires, which are used to clear land for agriculture, are occurring on carbon-rich peat soils, causing widespread haze.”

Sport stadium being prepared to shelter haze victims
Rizal Harahap, thejakartapost.com 15 Sep 15;

After being pressured by students, NGOs and community leaders, the Riau provincial government has made plans to use the Tribuana sports stadium as a shelter for haze victims as the air quality in the province has continued to decrease.

Acting Riau governor Arsyadjuliandi “Andi” Rachman said on Tuesday that there had been three locations being prepared to serve as temporary shelters before the sports stadium was eventually decided on. “The stadium was selected because it could accommodate a lot of people and it is not far from the city,” he said.

Haze from forest fires in Riau and its neighboring provinces have caused many problems including lowering air quality, disrupting flights and closing down schools. Latest reports say that some civil servants have been advised not to go to their workplaces.

“Anyone who wants to seek protection from the smoke, please come to the sports stadium. The Riau government has prepared spring beds, mattresses, medicines and other facilities for the convenience of haze victims,” he added.

But he stressed that the shelter was just one of a several options for the Riau residents as the local government would continue to serve haze victims at hospitals, community healthcare centers and a number of additional healthcare posts set up around the province.

He said that there were currently six healthcare posts and that there would soon be two more near the Tribuana sports stadium to serve the people taking shelter there.

Meanwhile, Pekanbaru Mayor Firdaus has conceded that the hazardous air pollution has made the city no longer a healthy place to live as the Pollutant Standard Index (PSI) now reads at above the health limit of 300.

“One morning the air pollution was measured at 1,000. Smoke has entered residents’ houses. Should the city be evacuated? Where should the people go? Other areas were also affected by the haze,” he said, adding that many wealthy people had already left the city.

Firdaus said his government had reduced the workload of civil servant by 60 percent due to the haze. He said that he had shifted civil servants working outdoors into offices to minimize the impact of the haze.

“I have also called on people to reduce their outdoor activities because the haze level is very dangerous for people’s health. Wear a mask if you are forced to work outside buildings, drink lots of water and consume lots of fruit,” he added. (bbn)(++++)

- See more at: http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/15/sport-stadium-being-prepared-shelter-haze-victims.html#sthash.ynwEvEZt.dpuf



Owner of company involved in forest fires can face sanctions
Antara 15 Sep 15;
Jakarta (ANTARA News) - Any company found guilty of setting fire to land and forest will have not only its permit revoked, but the owner or shareholders will face sanctions, National Police Chief General Badrodin Haiti said.

"Sanctions must be imposed not only on the company but also on its board of directors, the board of commissioners, owner or shareholders," he said at a meeting of smoke emergency operation task force at the Environment and Forestry Ministry here Tuesday.

Led by Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal and Security Affairs Luhut Panjaitan, the meeting was attended by National Defense Forces General Gatot Nurmantyo, Environment and Forestry Minister Siti Nurbaya, Chief of the National Disaster Mitigation Board (BNPB) Willem R.

Also present were representatives of the Health Ministry and the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), the Riau governor, the South Sumatra governor and officials of the Jambi, South Kalimantan and West Kalimantan provinces.

Ten of the 132 cases of land and forest fires in several parts of the country which are now being investigated involve companies, Haiti noted.

Three of those 10 cases are found in South Sumatra, three in Central Kalimantan, three in West Kalimantan and one in Riau.

The government is serious about handling land and forest fires which have inflicted losses on the community, Panjaitan said earlier.

"We dont play the game with this. We will take stern measures against those found guilty of land and forest fires," he said.

The meeting this time discussed the imposition of sanctions on land and forest arsonists as a follow up to President Joko Widodos visit to South Sumatra to inspect preparations for haze disaster mitigation efforts, the coordinating minister for political, legal and security affairs said.

"Dont hesitate to act on land and forest arsonists," he remarked.

Panjaitan said the tragedy of land and forest fires about which neighboring countries have complained about is related to the self-esteem of the Indonesian nation. Furthermore, the Indonesian government has been accused of being unable to fight the arsonists.(*)

Indonesian military deploys 1,059 personnel to overcome forest fires
Antara 15 Sep 15;

Indonesian military deploys 1,059 personnel to overcome forest fires
Photo document of personnel of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) to extinguish peat fires in Gambur Jaya sub-district, Muara Jambi district, Jambi. (ANTARA/Wahyu Putro A.)
Jakarta (ANTARA News) - The Indonesian Defense Forces (TNI) has redeployed 1,059 of its personnel to overcome the ongoing problem of haze in Riau, Sumatra.

"The decision to deploy the personnel was made following President Joko Widodos instruction on Monday night. Today, I conducted a ceremony to review the forces that would be sent there," TNI Commander General, Gatot Nurmantyo, said after seeing off the personnel at Jakartas Halim Perdanakusumah air force base.

The forces that are being sent to Riau have been drawn from the Army Strategic Reserve Command (Kostrad), the navys marine corps and the air force. They were transported aboard a Hercules plane and three CN-295 aircraft.

Nurmantyo said that the duration for which they would be assigned there depends upon the condition, adding jokingly that he hoped they can return tomorrow.

"It is hoped that it can be overcome immediately. As soon as the haze is gone, they will return," he stated.

Besides Riau, TNI has also deployed its personnel in South Sumatra, with particular focus on Ogan Komering Ilir, which is peat land area.

Peat land fires are harder to control as even though they have been put out; smoke continues to emanate from the soil, which is a problem, Nurmantyo added.

(Reporting by Syaiful Hakim/Uu.H-YH/INE/KR-BSR/A014)

Indonesia battles forest fires
The Star 16 Sep 15;

JAKARTA: A worsening haze across northern Indonesia, neighbouring Singapore and parts of Malaysia forced some schools to close and airlines to delay flights, while Indonesia ordered a crackdown on lighting fires to clear forested land.

South-East Asia has suffered for years from annual bouts of smog caused by slash-and-burn practices in Indonesia’s Sumatra and Kali­mantan islands, but governments in the region have failed to address the problem.

The fires have been exacerbated this year by the El Nino weather phenomenon, as a prolonged dry season in Indonesia has parched the top soil, fuelling the flames.

“The fire problems have reached a critical point,” Luhut Pandjaitan, coordinating minister for political, legal and security affairs, said.

“Our neighbouring countries have protested for years. We are not playing around.”

President Joko Widodo, who was on an official visit to the Middle East, instructed security forces late Monday to accelerate efforts to extinguish the fires and revoke land permits from companies found responsible.

Nearly 3,000 military and police personnel, 17 helicopters and four cloud-seeding aircraft have been deployed to fight the fires, according to the country’s disaster management agency.

A state of emergency has been declared in Indonesia’s Riau and Central Kalimantan provinces as the air quality index hit “dangerous” levels, rising to as high as 984, officials said.

In Singapore, the index has fluctuated well above 100 – considered “unhealthy” – for the past few days, and reached as high as 249 on Monday night, putting it in “very unhealthy” territory.

Indonesia has struggled for years to contain forest fires and the resulting haze despite repeatedly promising to punish perpetrators.

The unhealthy air has caused acute respiratory infections for around 26,000 people in Indonesia’s Riau province alone, a government official said.

It has also increased the workload for doctors in Malaysia and Singapore, where the haze has clouded the build-up to the Formula One night race later this week.

Malaysia said it was preparing to conduct cloud-seeding operations to reduce the haze as schools were closed in several states yesterday and some flights were disrupted due to poor visibility.

The smog is usually caused by firms and small-holder farmers clearing land adjacent to existing concessions for palm or pulp and paper.

Major plantation companies like Asia Pulp and Paper say that they have a “zero burning” policy but have often been criticised by green groups for not doing enough to stop the haze.

Indonesian authorities plan to sanction this week three or four companies of the total 26 under investigation, said Environment Minister Siti Nurbaya Bakar, with the revoking of their land permits a possibility. — Reuters


Indonesia struggles with haze crisis
Rizal Harahap and Ina Parlina, The Jakarta Post 15 Sep 15;

Smoke from land and forest fires that has blanketed Sumatra and Kalimantan has continued to intensify over the past few days, forcing local administrations to take drastic measures to curb the impact of the problem, including asking the central government to intervene in the handling of the disaster.

After battling the impact of thick haze that has enveloped the province over the past several weeks, acting Riau Governor Arsyadjuliandi “Andi” Rachman on Monday issued a gubernatorial decree declaring an emergency status regarding air pollution in Riau, the country’s top oil-producing region.

Speaking at a press conference, Andi said the decision had been taken at a closed-door meeting attended by officials from the provincial administration and related ministries.

The main driver of the emergency status, he said, was the level of the pollutant standards index (PSI) in the province that had remained above 300 over the past three days.

“It [indicates] that the air quality is at a dangerous level. Until recently, the [index] also touched the 300 [level] but kept fluctuating,” he said.

Local authorities, according to Andi, are no longer capable of dealing with the haze as land and forest fires, the source of the problem, are not only located in Riau province.

Quoting data from the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), Andi said that as of Monday morning 982 hot spots had been detected across Sumatra. Of that number, 618 and 184 were in neighboring South Sumatra and Jambi provinces, respectively.

“Wind has brought the haze from the south [of Sumatra] toward the north and west. The haze concentrating in Riau has increased the PSI level to a dangerous level,” he said.

The 2007 Disaster Mitigation Law stipulates that a governor, regent or mayor has the authority to declare disaster emergency status in his or her respective jurisdiction.

Article 50 of the law also stipulates that under disaster emergency status, the National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) and its regional offices (BPBD) are given access to the deployment of, among other things, human resources, logistics, goods and services to provide immediate assistance in the affected area.

Riau, along with Jambi, South Sumatra, West Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan, are the provinces hardest hit by the air pollution originating from fires in peat land and plantations.

Apart from creating health problems and disrupting the operation of local airports, the fires have also caused air quality levels in neighboring Singapore and Malaysia to deteriorate to alarming levels.

Separately, Riau Health Agency head Andra Sjafril said that more than 25,000 people in the province’s 12 regions had recently suffered from haze-related diseases, with the majority of them suffering from acute respiratory infection (ISPA).



In Jambi municipality, the local health agency reported on Monday that the intensifying haze in the city had caused an almost 10-fold increase in the number of ISPA patients, from 2,849 patients in August to 20,741 over the first two weeks of this month.

Last week, a two-year-old infant and a 15-year-old schoolgirl from the city died after experiencing acute respiratory problems.

There have been similar health issues in Medan, North Sumatra.

“I’ve been suffering from a cough for a week. I finally visited the nearest Puskesmas (community health center) as the cough won’t go away,” Medan resident Ismail told The Jakarta Post on Monday.

BNPB spokesperson Sutopo Purwo Nugroho said that 22,855 people in South Sumatra and 53,442 people in South Kalimantan had suffered from ISPA.

Environment and Forestry Minister Siti Nurbaya Bakar, the coordinator of the newly established national haze emergency taskforce, said that as of Monday, 18 million liters of water had been dropped in water-bombing operations over Riau and 12 million liters over South Sumatra. Over 120 tons of salt flares have been fired into clouds to trigger rain in Riau, while 56 tons have been released into the air in Jambi and South Sumatra in cloud-seeding operations.

In response to worsening haze, President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo, who was touring the Middle East on Monday, asked regional administrations to improve health services in the affected areas and instructed law enforcement to take stern legal action against all parties, including forest concession owners, deemed responsible for the land and forest fires.

“Once again, I want to emphasize that legal action against [the responsible parties] will be taken very firmly,” he said.

- Jon Afrizal in Jambi, Apriadi Gunawan in Medan and Syofiardi Bachyul Jb in Padang also contributed to this article.


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Indonesia: 379 hot spots detected in South Kalimantan

thejakartapost.com 15 Sep 15;

Up to 379 hot spots have been detected in South Kalimantan by the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency's (BMKG) Terra and Aqua satellite on Tuesday morning.

According to the state-run airport operator PT Angkasa Pura (AP) I's spokesperson at the Syamsudin Noor Airport in Banjarmasin, Frandi Nugroho, most of the hot spots were detected in Tapin regency (100), followed by Banjar (88), Tanah Laut (52) and Tanah Bumbu (34) regencies.

"The minimum visibility at the airport was only 200 meters at 7.30 a.m.," said Frandi as quoted by tempo.co.

He added that the weather condition in South Kalimantan on Tuesday morning was generally cloudy with a maximum temperature of 34 degrees Celsius, humidity between 40 and 90 percent and wind speed between 9 and 30 kilometers per hour.

According to head of South Kalimantan Disaster Mitigation Agency (BPBD) Sugiono Yajie, the haze in the region is indeed thick, especially in the regencies of Banjar, Tapin and Tanah Laut, which resulted in the disruption of several morning flights at the Syamsudin Noor Airport.

Sugiono added that the number of hot spots in South Kalimantan was higher compared to previous days.

“The visibility this morning is only 10 meters,” said Sugiono.

Efforts to tackle the smog are ongoing, including water bombing and ground wetting, a collaborative effort between the BPBD, the Indonesian Military (TNI), the National Police and community agencies.

“We haven't yet increased the alert status to the disaster level. However, we still continue to decrease the number of hot spots,” said Sugiono. (nov/kes)(++++)

Haze crisis turns deadly
Jon Afrizal and Syofiardi Bachyul, The Jakarta Post 14 Sep 15;

Amid calls for strict law enforcement against recalcitrant companies behind land and forest fires, the thickening smog in Sumatra and Kalimantan has started to claim lives as air quality in some areas has fallen to its lowest level in years.

Jambi Environmental Agency (BLHD) announced on Sunday that the air pollution standard index (ISPU) in the provincial capital of Jambi stood at the “very dangerous” level of 409, up from 360 on Saturday, which was already within the “dangerous” level.

Agency head Rosmeli said the pollution level was the highest recorded in the past several years and was a result largely of the spread of bigger dust particles from the forest fires.

“In such a situation, the air is very dangerous to inhale not only for children but also for adults,” said Rosmeli, adding that the air pollution could lead to dried lips, eye pain, chest tightness and inflammation of the respiratory tract.

Dozens of residents arrived at local hospitals for treatment as smog claimed the lives of Dimas Aditya Putra, 2, and Wahyuni, 15, a student of junior high school SMP 5 in Jambi. Both died last week after experiencing acute respiratory problems.

“She [Wahyuni] died after suffering coughing for three days. She had difficulties breathing because of the smog,” Wahyuni’s father Trimo said.

Jambi, along with Riau, South Sumatra, West Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan, are the provinces hardest hit by the air pollution originating from fires in peat land and plantations in their areas.

The fires have also caused air pollution levels in Singapore and Malaysia to deteriorate to alarming levels.

Head of Jambi Provincial Disaster Mitigation Agency (BPBD), Arif Munandar, said the agency had been deploying a Super Puma helicopter since Friday to extinguish the fires through water bombing.

Haze has also impacted flights at major airports in Sumatra as poor visibility enveloped Kualanamu International Airport in Medan, North Sumatra, the biggest airport in Sumatra.

Poor visibility has also affected airports in Pekanbaru in Riau, Palembang in South Sumatra, Jambi, Simeulue in Aceh and Nias in North Sumatra. “All of the airports are covered in a thick haze,” the spokesman for state airport operator PT Angkasa Pura II’s Kualanamu office, Wisnu Budi Setianto, said.

Data from Global Forest Watch (GFW), an international forest monitoring network initiated by Washington-based World Resources Institute (WRI), has revealed that between Sept. 5 and 12, around 63 percent of the fires were in peat lands, while the remaining 20 percent were in industrial timber plantations, 13 percent in oil palm plantations and 4 percent in logging areas.

“There should be an update on land concession use from the government because many of the fires have originated in peat land. There are indications that such areas have been exposed to commercial use,” said WRI Indonesia analyst Andika Putraditama.

The GFW’s data also revealed a number of hotspots in the plantations of several firms, five of which are major suppliers of Singapore-based Asia Pulp & Paper (APP).

They are PT Rimba Hutani Mas, PT Bumi Andalas Permai, PT Bumi Mekar Hijau, PT Sebangun Bumi Andalas Wood Industries and PT Wirakarya Sakti.

Bumi Mekar Hijau is currently facing a Rp 7.8 trillion (US$557 million) civil lawsuit filed by the government at the Palembang District Court in South Sumatra for allegedly causing fires in 20,000 hectares in Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra.

APP managing director for sustainability Aida Greenbury denied that the company’s suppliers were using slash-and-burn methods to clear their concessions.

“We guarantee that our suppliers are not burning the land as we have applied strict prohibitions on such practices,” said Aida.

Aida believed that the fires in the concessions originated from land outside the companies’ plantations, which was owned by other firms, or on land that was still unclaimed.

“We have deployed personnel to guard the border of our concessions to prevent the fires from spreading into our areas. The government should also deal sternly with other firms to enforce the zero-burning policy.”

Environmentalist Mas Achmad Santosa said the deterrent effect on recalcitrant companies behind the forest fires remained largely weak.

He alleged that current law enforcement in the problem was badly compromised.

Mas Achmad explained that the success story in the prosecution of palm oil company PT Kallista Alam was a result of strong coordination and leadership by several related law-enforcement institutions.

The Supreme Court recently rejected an appeal by Kallista and ordered the company to pay fines totalling Rp 366 billion for illegally burning large swathes of the Tripa forest in Aceh, a ruling that many hope could set a precedent for future law enforcement against agro-forestry companies.

“Like in a symphony orchestra, there should be a conductor who can lead and supervise all elements of law enforcement in order to avoid investigations into the cases being compromised,” he said. (rbk)

Agus Maryono in Cilacap and Apriadi Gunawan in Medan contributed to this article.


Flights from 11 airlines rescheduled in Pekanbaru
thejakartapost.com 15 Sep 15;

Eleven airlines have been forced to reschedule their flights at the Sultan Syarif Kasim II Airport in Pekanbaru, Riau, as a result of the smog.

The disrupted flights include domestic and international routes served by Garuda Indonesia, Lion Air, Batik Air, Indonesia AirAsia, Citilink, Susi Air, Silk Air, AirAsia, Firefly, Sriwijaya Air and Malindo Air.

"Since Sept. 2, most of the airlines have rescheduled their morning flights to the afternoon," said the state-owned airport operator PT Angkasa Pura (AP) II's head of service and operations at the Pekanbaru airport, Hasturman Yunus, on Tuesday as quoted by Antara news agency.

On Monday morning, the visibility at the airport area was only around 80 meters. As the sun got higher, the visibility was still limited, 150-200 meters, which was still considered dangerous.

"The minimal visibility for a safe flight has to be at least 1,000 meters. Usually after 11 a.m. the aircraft are able to land. But the situation has been getting worse for the past few days, causing airlines such as Garuda Indonesia, Citilink and Batik Air to reschedule and even cancel some of their flights," said Hasturman. (kes)(++++)


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Indonesia: Heavy downpours bring floods to Aceh

The Jakarta Post 15 Sep 15;

Floods caused by heavy downpours in West Aceh and Bener Meriah over the weekend have hit several areas in Aceh’s two regencies.

Antara news agency reported on Monday that water from overflowing rivers had inundated five out of 12 districts in West Aceh regency.

“Water entered the residential areas at about 4 a.m. this morning while we were all still asleep. We were able to salvage our belongings though,” said Khairunnas of Pasie Masjid subdistrict, Johan Pahlawan district.

Data has yet to be released on the number of evacuees but as of Monday no fatalities had been reported.

Floodwater has also inundated dozens of houses in four subdistricts in Bener Meriah regency since Sunday evening.

“About 262 people have been evacuated to the nearest school building and mosque,” National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) spokesperson Sutopo Purwo Nugroho said.

- See more at: http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/15/islands-focus-heavy-downpours-bring-floods-aceh.html#sthash.sNeD1Qpz.dpuf


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Arctic sea ice levels shrink to 4th lowest level

SETH BORENSTEIN Associated Press Yahoo News 16 Sep 15;

WASHINGTON (AP) — Summer Arctic sea ice shrank to its fourth lowest level on record this month, dispelling faint hopes of a recovery, federal scientists said.

The National Snow and Ice Data Center announced Tuesday that the Arctic hit its summer minimum last week with 1.7 million square miles of sea ice, down 240,000 square miles from 2014. That's a difference the size of California, New York and Maryland combined.

"The ice is decreasing over time, which you would expect because the Arctic is warming," data center scientist Julienne Stroeve said.

Summer minimum sea ice has shrunk since satellites started measuring in 1979. It reached a peak of 2.91 million square miles in 1980 and hit an all-time low of 1.3 million square miles in 2012. It went back up to 1.95 in 2013 and hovered near there in 2014.

Variations in weather mean sea ice levels drift a bit year to year, but Stroeve said there's a long term trend that is best seen when looking at averages of five years or more.

The five years between 1979 and 1983 averaged 2.76 million square miles during the summer minimum. The last five years average 1.72 million square miles, a decrease of 38 percent and more than a million square miles.

That means there's no recovery in Arctic sea ice, despite claims of some climate change doubters, said Stroeve and Pennsylvania State University climate scientist Michael Mann, who wasn't part of the government measurement team.

The world overall so far this year is easily the hottest it has been in more than a century of record keeping, according to NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. However, the El Nino that has been helping push temperatures even warmer isn't having as much an effect up north, which is farther away from the tropical Pacific Ocean, Stroeve said. It has been hot, but not near record breaking in the Arctic this summer.

With human-caused warming continuing, computer simulations show on average that around the year 2040, sea ice will disappear from the Arctic during some summers, Stroeve said.

"We remain on a trajectory that is actually ahead of model predictions," Mann said. "Arctic sea ice is one of several aspects of climate change that his happening even faster than originally predicted."

Sea ice in Antarctica, which had been at record high levels in recent years, are about average, Stroeve said.

National Snow and Ice Data Center: http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/


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Global climate change pledges will not be enough: U.N

BARBARA LEWIS Reuters 16 Sep 15;

National promises to cut emissions as part of preparations for a United Nations summit at the end of the year would cap global warming at the unacceptably high level of 3 degrees Celsius, the U.N.'s climate boss said on Tuesday.

The talks in Paris, starting on Nov. 30, will seek a global deal to curb warming, which scientists say needs to be limited to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) to avoid the most devastating consequences in the form of droughts and rising sea levels.

U.N. Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres said so far 62 nations had submitted promises, covering around 70 percent of global emissions.

The United Nations has said it will add up the pledges by the start of October and issue a report by Nov. 1.

But Figueres said it was already a good "guestimate" that the pledges, known in U.N. language as INDCs (Intended Nationally Determined Contributions) would equate to 3 degrees of warming compared with pre-industrial times.

Aware of the shadow cast by the 2009 Copenhagen summit, the last attempt to reach a global climate deal that ended in failure, EU officials and the U.N. stress Paris is a step, not the end result.

Figueres told reporters in Brussels she wanted it to be "pellucidly clear" that the INDCs were not the magic route to 2 degrees, set as a target by the Copenhagen Accord, from the current trajectory of 4-5 degrees.

"What the INDCs will do is mark a very substantial departure from business as usual," she said. "Is three degrees acceptable? No."

The U.N.'s plan to issue an INDC report by Nov. 1 is a departure from the early hopes of the most vulnerable nations and the European Union for a formal review to put pressure on the laggards before the Paris conference.

Although the EU is an acknowledged climate leader, its 28 members are wrangling over how ambitious they can afford to be.

The EU was the first major economic bloc to submit its INDC, saying it would cut domestic emissions by at 40 percent by 2030 versus 1990 levels.

The bloc's environment ministers meet on Friday to finalize their Paris negotiating position.

Poland, whose economy is heavily dependent on coal, the most polluting of the fossil fuels, wants assurances its international competitiveness will not be damaged by nations that do not follow the EU lead.

It is among those pushing for a clause on "a long-term vision of global carbon neutrality," EU diplomats said.

That, they said, could allow room for the EU to rely on emissions reductions made beyond Europe and through technology rather than relying on a domestic shift to lower carbon fuel.

(Additional reporting by Alister Doyle in Oslo)


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Best of our wild blogs: 15 Sep 15



Why We Need (to be) Treehuggers
Saving MacRitchie

Courtship dance of the Pin-tailed Whydah (video)
Bird Ecology Study Group

ICCS Haze Advisory for Organisers: At air quality readings above 100psi, please consider cancelling your event!
News from the International Coastal Cleanup Singapore


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Singapore: Economy's outlook just got hazier

Choking smog from Indonesia could make for a limp finish for an already-weak Q3 following soft manufacturing data and market volatility
Kelly Tay Business Times 15 Sep 15;

SINGAPORE'S already weak economic outlook is getting even more foggy. As a stubborn blanket of haze engulfs the island, economists expect retail sales to take a hit - even with the F1 festivities ahead - driving the wobbly third quarter to an even softer finish.

OCBC economist Selena Ling told The Business Times: "It's just going to add to the deteriorating picture. It's such bad timing . . . Coming on the back of manufacturing weakness, financial market volatility and the equity market going on a bit of a roller coaster ride.

"The more negative factors stack up, the higher the chances of a technical recession. We still expect (the services sector) to show positive growth and contribute to Q3 overall growth - but it's going to lend less support now."

Singapore's air quality continued to deteriorate on Monday, extending a two-week long period of haze due to the burning of Indonesian forests and land. As at 10pm on Monday, the three-hour Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) was 242; the 24-hour PSI was 131-165.

On the same day, Indonesia declared a state of emergency in Sumatra's Riau province, with its air quality having reached dangerous levels from forest fires.

The worsening conditions have heightened concerns over the possibility of a technical recession in the third quarter, which is defined as two straight quarters of sequential contraction in gross domestic product (GDP).

On its own, the haze may seem too small a factor to weigh heavily on Singapore's growth outlook, but economists told BT that the smog only compounds existing economic headwinds.

On the manufacturing front, July's industrial production contracted far more than expected, with factory output declining 6.1 per cent year on year. That was the sixth straight month of contraction.

The shaky global economy has also clouded earlier optimism for most services clusters, given the ongoing pullback in sentiment surrounding China and the US interest rate uncertainties.

CIMB Private Banking economist Song Seng Wun said: "Net-net, there will be some overall drag on economic activities in general. The question is the extent of it, mainly because of the intermittent nature of these weather conditions."

With the air quality at unhealthy levels, economists expect to see a decline in domestic spending, as more consumers choose to stay indoors and outdoor events are cancelled. Already, several running races have been called off or scaled down into walks; food & beverage (F&B) establishments are also expected to suffer, with a slide in demand particularly at alfresco eateries.

Despite concerns over how the haze would affect the staging of Formula One's Singapore Airlines Singapore Grand Prix - to be held from Friday to Sunday - organisers have stressed that they are well-equipped to handle the situation. F1 attendees from overseas are also unlikely to be deterred by the smog, especially since tickets have been paid for and hotels booked.

Indeed, economists do not think the haze will have a marked effect on the race festivities, although DBS economist Irvin Seah thinks that the publicity could prove to be a double-edged sword, given that it will be broadcast to millions worldwide. "The impact is more likely to be longer-term in nature. This race is going to be aired globally, and (the haziness) could affect a potential tourist's impression of Singapore," he said.

Still, economists say some e-commerce outfits could stand to benefit during this period - specifically, they expect haze-busting products, such as N95 masks and air purifiers, to see a boost in sales online or off.

Said Mr Song: "At the end of the day, we could see an even softer end to Q3 if these hazy conditions continue to persist. But there's not much we can do over here, except just gripe about it. In fact, just go have a beer and boost our F&B sales."


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Singapore reiterates offer of assistance to Indonesia to fight forest fires

Minister for the Environment and Water Resources Vivian Balakrishnan on Monday (Sep 14) called his Indonesian counterpart and reiterated Singapore's offer to help Indonesia battle forest fires.
Channel NewsAsia 14 Sep 15;

SINGAPORE: Minister for the Environment and Water Resources Vivian Balakrishnan on Monday (Sep 14) spoke with Indonesian Minister of Environment and Forestry Siti Nurbaya Bakar and reiterated Singapore's offer of help to combat forest fires, the National Environment Agency (NEA) said in a statement. The offer came as the number of hotspots in Indonesia's Sumatra island soared to a two-month high of 982 on Monday, and a state of emergency has been declared in Riau province.

Indonesia had earlier accepted the Singapore Armed Forces' offer to send C-130s for cloud seeding and Chinooks for large water buckets to douse fires, only to decline it later. "While the Indonesian authorities accepted our offer of assistance initially, they have since expressed appreciation for the offer, and said they have sufficient resources of their own for now," Singapore's Defence Ministry said on Sunday.

"WE HAVE DONE EVERYTHING": INDONESIAN MINISTER

Dr Siti Nurbaya told Dr Balakrishnan that Indonesia has already deployed a host of resources to tackle the fires but said she would consult Indonesian President Joko Widodo who is personally overseeing the effort again on Singapore’s offer.

"We have deployed soldiers. We have conducted water bombing in Riau with 18 million litres of water, in South Sumatra and Jambi with 12 million liters of water. Cloud-seeding in Riau with 120 tonnes of salt and 56 tonnes of salt in South Sumatra," Dr Siti Nurbaya said.

"We have done everything. I was trying to convince the minister that we are serious in putting out the fire."
NEA said Minister Siti Nurbaya agreed to Dr Balakrishnan’s request for Indonesia to share the names of companies which are suspected to be causing the forest fires once they are able to verify this with checks on the ground. She also said she would inform him if there are links for these firms to Singapore.

As of 9pm, the 3-hour Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) is 249 and the 24-hour PSI is 133 - 166. This is the highest 3-hour PSI reading this year.

NEA noted that there was a brief respite in hazy conditions on Monday morning, but haze from Sumatra was again blown in by the prevailing winds in the afternoon.

Thundery showers are expected in the pre-dawn and early morning hours of Tuesday, but NEA said the 24-hour PSI in the next 24 hours is still expected to be the mid to high sections of the Unhealthy range, and may enter the Very Unhealthy range.

WILL A "TOUGH COP" APPROACH PAY OFF?

Chairman of the Singapore Institute of International Affairs, Associate Professor Simon Tay said being a "tough cop" may not be the best approach for Singapore when tackling the transboundary haze issue. NEA on Sunday said it would conduct investigations into the situation.

"I think in any investigation of this nature, the temptation is to say you have to play a really tough cop," said Mr Tay. "But while the Singapore Government could do that, it probably isn't the best approach.

"In the end, many of the companies now - the bigger ones in Singapore - have actually put their maps online. They've taken steps, they have firefighting equipment that even the provisional officers don't have. So I would hope, in a sense, that the first response must be cooperation.

"In many of these cases, the companies may claim whether it's true or not, they didn't start the fires, the fires came on their land. So I think the first step we can agree on is that, for whoever started these fires, are the companies able and willing to try and put these fires out? Then, and again we have to give them some room because the scale of these fires and the scale of the land won't make it easy, even if they're trying their best."

Under Singapore's Transboundary Haze Pollution Act which came into effect in 2014, fines of up to S$2 million can be imposed on companies which cause or contribute to haze pollution in Singapore.

Haze pollution is said to have occurred if the 24-hour PSI remains at 101 or higher for 24 hours or longer. NEA said this had taken place from 10am on Sep 10 to 2am on Sep 12 - a full 41 hours.

NEA said it is closely monitoring the hotspots in the region. It is also drawing on information from maps, meteorological data, and satellite imagery in its investigations.

- CNA/dl/ek


S’pore renews offers to help Indonesia fight fires
VALERIE KOH Today Online 15 Sep 15;

SINGAPORE — With the haze situation worsening — and culprits potentially in breach of the Transboundary Haze Pollution Act — Singapore has renewed offers to help in firefighting operations, while pressing their Indonesian counterparts for more information on the cause of the fires.

Cautioning that air quality could creep into “very unhealthy” territory tomorrow (Sept 15), the National Environment Agency said Minister for the Environment and Water Resources Dr Vivian Balakrishnan spoke with his Indonesian counterpart Dr Siti Nurbaya Bakar this afternoon, expressing his concern over the serious haze situation and reiterating Singapore’s offer of help to Indonesia.

In its advisory today, the NEA forecasted that the 24-hour Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) to be in the mid to high end of the unhealthy territory (101 to 200), and could edge into the low end of the very unhealthy range (201 to 300).

As at 11pm, the 24-hour PSI reading ranged from 128 to 160. The three-hour PSI reading was even higher — at 181. The one-hour PM2.5 reading — tiny particles in the air that are two-and-one-half microns — was 142 to 238 mcg/m3.

The NEA said Dr Siti Nurbaya, who is Indonesia’s Minister of Environment and Forestry, has agreed to provide Singapore a list of companies suspected to be behind the land and forest fires once the information has been confirmed.

On Singapore’s offer of help, the NEA said Dr Siti Nurbaya explained that the Indonesian authorities had already deployed a host of resources, but will consult Indonesian President Joko Widodo — who is personally overseeing Indonesia’s effort —again on Singapore’s offer.

Last year, Singapore passed the Transboundary Haze Pollution Act, which states that haze pollution has occurred if the 24-hour PSI — for the same or any part of Singapore — remains above 100 for at least 24 hours. It further stipulates that it is an offence for any entity to cause or contribute to haze pollution here.

Over the past week, this has occurred at least twice. The 24-hour PSI lingered in the unhealthy range for 41 hours from 10am last Thursday till early Saturday morning. It re-entered unhealthy territory at 8pm on Saturday, and has remained in or above it since.

The NEA said it has been monitoring the situation closely and is investigating. More information will be shared when it is in a position to do so.

Under the Act, local or foreign firms can be fined up to S$100,000 a day for causing or contributing to haze, capped at S$2 million.

Experts felt that the reach of the legislation and the authorities’ investigative powers were hampered by the lack of maps showing plantation concessions — which could help identify culprits.

National University of Singapore (NUS) law professor Alan Tan said identifying the culprits to enforce the Act will not be easy, as the Indonesian government has not shared the plantation concession maps. Even if these are shared, they are likely to be unreliable. “The problem on the ground is that boundaries are uncertain and there are often local communities who encroach into the plantations’ lands to start fires there … In such situations, it is difficult to tell who is responsible,” he said.

Due to the presence of cloud cover and nearby fires, satellite images could be inaccurate. Identifying culprits would require ground evidence and time is needed to compile this, he added. Suggesting any investigation would likely begin with a Singapore-linked company, he said: “Whether this will deter other perpetrators is hard to say … It is the enforcement of domestic laws by the Indonesia authorities that will make a real difference,” he said.

Dr Santos Salinas, a senior research scientist at the NUS Centre for Remote Imaging, Sensing and Processing, felt that the maximum fine of S$2 million was “small change” to larger firms. “A better deterrent would be the withdrawal of their concession rights for a number of years,” he said.

Dr Erik Velasco, a research scientist at the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology’s Centre for Environmental Sensing and Modelling, felt the recent haze episode proves that a unilateral law enacted by the Government “has not worked”. Instead, tabling a law among Association of South-east Asian Nations member countries to hold firms accountable would “get some success”, he added.

However, Singapore Institute of International Affairs chairman Simon Tay pointed out that certain clauses in the Act were “quite powerful”, granting the authorities the rights to request firms to deploy fire-fighting personnel, and to obtain relevant information from firms.

Haze: Singapore Reiterates Assistance To Indonesia, Seeks Names Of Suspected Firms Causing Fires
Tengku Noor Shamsiah Tengku Abdullah Bernama 14 Sep 15;

SINGAPORE, Sept 14 (Bernama) -- Environment and Water Resources Minister Dr Vivian Balakrishnan spoke with Indonesian Minister of Environment and Forestry Dr Siti Nurbaya Bakar this afternoon as a follow-up to his letter last week.

In a statement, the National Environment Agency (NEA) said Balakrishnan expressed concern over the serious haze situation and reiterated Singapore's offer of help to Indonesia.

Siti Nurbaya explained that the Indonesian authorities had already deployed a host of resources, including aircraft and helicopters as well as military and police forces, to control the fires and conduct law enforcement.

However, she would consult Indonesian President Joko Widodo, who is personally overseeing the efforts again, on Singapore's offer.

Siti Nurbaya also agreed to Balakrishnan's request for Indonesia to share the names of companies suspected to be causing the fires, once they were able to confirm the information with checks and ground truthing.

Singapore and several parts of Malaysia are currently hit by haze due to forest fires from Sumatra, Indonesia.

Meanwhile, the NEA said as of 7pm today, the 24-hour pollutant standard index PSI was 121-152, in the low to mid sections of the unhealthy range, and the one-hour PM (particulate matter) 2.5 was 97-195 g/m3.

For the rest of today and tomorrow, the prevailing winds are forecast to blow from the southwest, and the current hazy conditions are expected to persist.

-- BERNAMA

Singapore says Indonesia to share names of companies causing forest fires
Reuters 15 Sep 15;

Indonesia has agreed to share with Singapore the names of companies suspected of causing forest fires that have led to a deterioration of air quality in the city state.

Indonesia's Minister of Environment and Forestry, Siti Nurbaya Bakar, told Singapore's Minister for the Environment and Water Resources, Vivian Balakrishnan, that the names would be shared once the information had been verified, Singapore's National Environment Agency (NEA) said in a statement.

Haze has engulfed Singapore and Malaysia for several days, pushing the PSI air quality index to unhealthy levels of over 100 in the city state on a 24-hour basis. The three-hour gauge of PSI hit a high of 249 late on Monday night, the NEA said.

Singapore passed a cross-border air pollution law last year that makes those who cause haze both criminally and civilly liable. The law also provides law enforcers with a relatively low threshold to prove that a company outside Singapore has polluted the air.

The haze this week is also clouding the build-up to the city-state's glamour sporting spectacle -- the Formula One night motor race that will be held next weekend.

($1 = 1.4073 Singapore dollars)

(Reporting by Saeed Azhar; Editing by Mark Potter)


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Air quality may enter low end of ‘very unhealthy’ range if unfavourable wind conditions continue: NEA

Today Online 14 Sep 15;

SINGAPORE – The 24-hour Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) for the next 24 hours is expected to be in the mid to high sections of the unhealthy range, and may enter the low end of the ‘very unhealthy’ range if denser haze from Sumatra is blown in, said the National Environment Agency (NEA) in a Monday evening (Sept 14) update.

As at 11pm today, the 24-hour PSI was in the low to mid sections of the unhealthy range at 128-160. The 3-hour PSI was 181.

Hazy conditions improved this morning, but the respite was brief as haze from Sumatra was again blown in by prevailing winds in the afternoon.

The current hazy conditions are expected to persist, as prevailing winds are forecast to blow from the southwest for the rest of today and tomorrow, and the situation could further deteriorate if the unfavourable wind conditions continue, said the NEA.

Thundery showers are forecast for Singapore in the pre-dawn and early morning hours, but this may only bring a brief respite to the hazy conditions, the agency added.

Hotspots could not be detected in Sumatra today due to partial satellite pass and cloud cover, but the NEA said that "widespread moderate to dense" smoke haze was observed in central and southern Sumatra. The haze has spread to the surrounding sea areas.

Minister for the Environment and Water Resources Dr Vivian Balakrishnan reiterated Singapore’s offer of help to Indonesia this afternoon as a follow-up to a letter sent last week, after expressing concern over the haze situation.

In reply to Singapore’s offer, Indonesian Minister for Environment and Forestry Dr Siti Nurbaya Bakar said that she will consult Indonesian President Joko Widodo again, as he is personally overseeing the effort.

She explained that the Indonesian authorities had already deployed a host of resources, including aircraft and helicopters as well as military and police forces, to control the fires and conduct law enforcement.

Meanwhile, Dr Siti Nurbaya had agreed to Dr Balakrishnan’s request for Indonesia to share the names of companies which are suspected to be causing the fires, once they were able to confirm the information with checks and ground truthing.

HEALTH ADVISORY

The health impact of haze is dependent on one’s health status, the PSI level, and the length and intensity of outdoor activity. As such, reducing outdoor activities and physical exertion can help limit the ill effects from haze exposure, NEA has advised.

Given the air quality forecast for the next 24 hours, healthy persons should avoid prolonged or strenuous outdoor physical exertion, NEA added. The elderly, pregnant women and children should minimise outdoor activity, while those with chronic lung or heart disease should avoid outdoor activity. Persons who are not feeling well, especially the elderly and children, and those with chronic heart or lung conditions, should seek medical attention.

In addition, the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) today urged employers to take special care of their workers as the haze situation in Singapore reaches unhealthy levels, especially those whose work requires them to be outdoors for a majority of the time.

In a media statement, the NTUC reminded employers that it is their duty to ensure all necessary precautions are taken to minimise risks posed by haze exposure during this period. “Discretion should be exercised when deploying workers outdoors, such as ensuring that the appropriate protective gears are issued for outdoor work,” said director of NTUC’s Workplace Safety and Health Secretariat, Mr Yeo Guat Kwang. “On the part of workers, we urge everyone to exercise self-care, which includes making sure that the protective gears issued to them are used, and used correctly.” WONG PEI TING

Air quality may enter low end of the ‘very unhealthy’ range if denser haze from Sumatra is blown in


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