Save MacRitchie Forest: 19. Would Singapore’s most beautiful damselfly species be extinct by the construction of Cross Island Line? from Bird Ecology Study Group
THREE DAYS to the International Coastal Cleanup Singapore!
from News from the International Coastal Cleanup Singapore
Missnakes
from The annotated budak
Butterflies Galore! : Branded Imperial
from Butterflies of Singapore
Vimita Mohandas Channel NewsAsia 17 Sep 13;
SINGAPORE: Restrictions on the release of sky lanterns in Singapore put in place last December have encouraged some people to think out of the box.
The restrictions follow a review of regulations on the conduct of aerial activities last year.
Sky lanterns are usually released during the Mid-Autumn festival but they are a fire hazard and also pose a hazard to aircraft in the vicinity.
With enhanced restrictions on the release of sky lanterns, some vendors said they have seen a drop in business.
In previous years, they could sell about ten a week while now it's fewer than two.
However, at the Ang Mo Kio-Hougang Mid-Autumn celebration last week, some opted to get creative by putting helium balloons inside the sky lantern and replacing the flame with LED lights.
MP of Ang Mo Kio GRC Yeo Guat Kwang, said: “We overcome the restrictions by looking at some of the safety aspects as well as choosing a location that we assure the authorities that we will not cause any problems."
- CNA/ec
New Straits Times 17 Sep 13;
KOTA BARU: The Kelantan Wildlife and Natural Parks Department (Perhilitan) is implanting microchips in captured snakes to keep track of the reptile population in the state.
Its director, Rahmat Topani, said the move was also aimed at helping the department keep track of snake smugglers.
He said microchips would be implanted in captured snakes before they were released back into the wild.
The microchips, which cost about RM20 each, would be implanted only in the bigger and more dangerous types of snakes, such as cobras and pythons.
Rahmat said the latest exercise to implant the microchips was held on Sunday, which saw five wildlife officers, led by the department assistant director Shaary Awang Besar, involved in the exercise. He added that 20 snakes were implanted with the microchips.
"The snakes will be released into jungles near Pasir Putih, Machang and Tanah Merah."
He said if the project proved to be a success, the department would extend it to other endangered species.
Kristy Inus New Straits Times 18 Sep 13;
KOTA KINABALU: Displaced and injured elephants will have a new place to call home in the Bornean Elephant Sanctuary (BES) which will be officially launched tomorrow.
The first phase of the project, which started in October last year, was completed on June 28, and a juvenile female elephant has become the first "guest".
Sabah Wildlife Department (SWD) director Datuk Dr Laurentius Ambu said it would not have been possible without the assistance of the Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC), the project's main sponsor, and Japanese partners led by Borneo Conservation Trust (BCT) Japan.
Besides funding from the state government, MPOC has pledged RM5.2 million for the project, of which RM500,000 was used in phase one. BCT Japan and its 12 corporate partners, including Asahiyama Zoo and Saraya Corporation, have provided RM1.6 million in funds for the first phase.
BES, located at Lot 8 of the Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, covers 1,214ha with a built-up area of 25 ha. The development is expected to be completed in the next two to three years.
"The total infrastructure cost is about RM30 million, while the overall master plan, which includes the setting up of the ecological corridor between Segaliud Lokan Forest Reserve and Batu Putih, costs between RM50 million to RM60 million," he told a press conference here yesterday.
He said staff for the first phase comprised six keepers with two each from BCT, Wildlife Rescue Unit, which is funded by MPOC and SWD. They are led by a senior ranger.
"In the long run, BES will also house other wildlife affected by human conflict."
MPOC deputy chief executive officer Dr Kalyana Sundram said they had started collaborating with SWD on several projects under the council's Wildlife Conservation Fund formed six years ago. These included the orang utan and rescue unit.
He said the BES project fitted with their conservation programme as elephants tend to wander into plantations and they wanted the animals to be safely translocated.
Saraya Corp president Yusuke Saraya, who represented BCT Japan, said the company, which produces eco-friendly solvents and detergents using palm kernel, was proud to be involved in the project to show a balance in taking care of conservation while benefiting from the oil palm industry.
Laurentius estimated that there were 60 to 200 elephants currently displaced in different pockets of areas in Tawau, Sandakan and other remote areas in Sabah, while 30 or more could be injured due to trapping devices like snares and pest control activities by plantations.
"Once BES starts moving, we expect a lot of calls for us to help with displaced and injured animals," he said, adding that the public could call any Wildlife Department office.
On the 10 Borneo pygmy elephants found dead near Gunung Rara Forest Reserve, Tawau, between last December and January, he said they were still working with the police to identify the culprits.
Sanctuary to help protect Borneo pygmy elephants
The Star 18 Sep 13;
KOTA KINABALU: The Borneo Elephant Sanctuary, which is set to open tomorrow, will have a key role in protecting and conserving endangered Borneo pygmy elephants in Sabah.
While helping to rehabilitate displaced and orphaned elephants and releasing them back into the wild, the first and only sanctuary in Sabah will be the hub for the conservation of the species and will create public awareness.
Sabah Wildlife Department director Datuk Laurentius Ambu said the sanctuary in the Kinabatangan district in Sabah’s east coast was in a natural habitat and specifically designed to rescue elephants that were injured by humans or in an elephant fight.
“It will also be home to orphaned elephants,” he added.
Ambu said the sanctuary had become a reality because of major funding from the Malaysian Palm Oil Council.
The council, through its conservation fund, had pledged RM5.2mil for the sanctuary and the department is looking forward to more funding once it starts operating.
Ambu also thanked the Borneo Conservation Trust Japan which provided some RM1.6mil for the construction of the first phase of the sanctuary.
Erwida Maulia & Jonathan Vit Jakarta Globe 17 Sep 13;
Environmental groups accused Indonesia’s second-largest pulp and paper company Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd. (April) of using a $17 million peatland restoration project in Riau’s heavily degraded Kampar Peninsula to “greenwash” the continued cutting of old-growth forests on Tuesday.
The pulp company, a subsidiary of the Singapore-listed agribusiness RGE, partnered with Fauna & Flora International (FFI) to restore more than 20,000 hectares of damaged peatland in the Kampar Peninsula. The peninsula, once home to rich tropical forests, has been heavily depleted of natural tree cover by pulp and palm oil companies.
The project, dubbed Riau Ecosystem Restoration (RER), will create a conservation area where work can be done to restore the region’s peatland while cataloging and preserving the existing flora and fauna, the company said.
“We are pleased that the project is coming into clear focus,” said Bey Soo Khiang, head of April and founder of RER. “From this point forward, we anticipate steady progress toward our goal of reviving the land and protecting it for future generations.”
This recent push for peatland restoration caught the attention of the Pekanbaru-based Forest Rescue Network Riau (Jikalahari), a watchdog group focused on deforestation and land issues in the once-forest rich province. Jikalahari accused April of greenwashing efforts to continue the clearing of old-growth forest in Riau by subsidiary Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (RAPP), including the cutting of forests in a disputed concession on the peat-heavy Padang Island.
“What we see is that this is no more than greenwashing as they are still cutting trees elsewhere, such as Pulau Padang,” Jikalahari coordinator Muslim Rasyid said. “We know RAPP’s track record of wood exploitation. Suddenly they’re [now] changing the direction of their business to restoration?”
More than half the wood processed by RAPP’s massive pulp mill in Riau has historically come from existing tropical forests, according to estimates by numerous environmental and forestry groups. According to Greenpeace, the company announced plans to convert an additional 60,000 hectares of existing forest into pulp and paper last year.
Jikalahari questioned the Ministry of Forestry’s quick response to April’s application to restore the peatlands. Several similar projects proposed by other organizations were declined or remained in limbo, Muslim said.
“[We] question the ministry’s fast response to RAPP’s application for the restoration project when applications from many other companies have been abandoned,” he said. “I’m sure [RAPP] will have two or three other [restoration] projects after this.”
Indonesia’s Forestry Ministry, the body tasked with both protecting and developing the nation’s shrinking rainforests, awarded the project a 60-year license in May.
“This ecosystem license granted by the ministry is significant as it is the first to be granted to an organization with a collaborative structure involving the private sector and civil society groups,” Forestry Minister Zulkifli Hasan said in the company’s press release. “I see this collaborative model working for a common purpose as an innovative boost to the government’s efforts to ensure a balance in responsible forest industry development with conservation of important forest areas.”
The project’s website championed April as a “pioneer in implementing sustainability practices in the pulp and paper industry in Indonesia.” The description is a stark departure from environmental groups’ assessments, which once called the company one of “Indonesia’s, and perhaps the world’s, most destructive corporations.”
While pulp and paper giant Asia Pulp and Paper (APP) recently made a commitment to sustainable pulping practices, April has gone the other way, opting for less external oversight in its operations. The company pulled out of the Forest Stewardship Council in June, ending a period of oversight by the coalition of environmental organizations. April said it ended the relationship over concerns with the council’s certification program, but environmental groups suspected other motives.
“Before an NGO-initiated FSC complaint process even had an opportunity to begin to investigate April’s deforestation practices, the company had effectively walked out on the FSC’s certification scheme,” Bustar Maitar, head of Indonesia Forest Campaign for Greenpeace Southeast Asia, wrote in a scathing blog post shortly after the announcement. “Seemingly, April did not want to risk the scrutiny of FSC’s Policy for Association complaints process.”
The latest allegations of greenwashing came on the heels of a highly publicized dispute between the forest minister and celebrity activist Harrison Ford. The Hollywood star came under fire after Zulkifli accused Ford of “attacking” with questions about the ministry’s patchy track record with curbing illegal logging.
Ford, who was in Indonesia making a Showtime documentary on climate change called “Years of Living Dangerously,” was then threatened in the press with deportation despite pre-existing plans to leave the country.
“There’s no privilege for him although he is a great a actor,” presidential adviser Andi Arief told Agence France-Presse. “His crew and those who were helping him in Indonesia must be questioned to find out their motives for harassing a state institution.
“If necessary, we will deport him.”
Indonesia’s rain forests have disappeared at an alarming rate as agribusiness companies ramped up operations to meet the demands of China’s commodity boom. More than 4 million hectares of forested land have vanished in Riau since 1982 as the province booked the fastest rate of deforestation in the world, according to the World Wildlife Fund.
The cutting of the nation’s rain forests will likely continue despite international condemnation. The Forestry Ministry announced plans last year to significantly expand the nation’s pulp capacity in the next decade. The expansion would include the construction of seven new pulp mills and the awarding of concessions in previously untouched forests in eastern Indonesia, according to the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).
April Prepares New Forest Restoration Project in Riau
Anushka Shahjahan Jakarta Globe 17 Sep 13;
An aerial picture made available on 10 May 2013 shows deforested land in Indragiri Hulu, Riau province on May 4, 2013. According to Greenpeace, Indonesia is implementing a forest moratorium, but in fact the deforestation is still happening, with customary forests, community forests, protected forests and national parks also being slated. This not only impacts the emission of Green House Gases, and natural disasters, but also social conflict and poverty as the community lost their access to the forest resources and livelihood. (EPA Photo/Bagus Indahono)
An aerial picture made available on 10 May 2013 shows deforested land in Indragiri Hulu, Riau province on May 4, 2013. According to Greenpeace, Indonesia is implementing a forest moratorium, but in fact the deforestation is still happening, with customary forests, community forests, protected forests and national parks also being slated. This not only impacts the emission of Green House Gases, and natural disasters, but also social conflict and poverty as the community lost their access to the forest resources and livelihood. (EPA Photo/Bagus Indahono)
Indonesia’s second largest pulp and paper company is preparing to start work on a project to restore a degraded peat forest in Sumatra, marking a new direction for the company that has left some skeptical.
Restorasi Ekosistem Riau (RER), a non-profit organization started by Asia Pacific Resources International Limited (April), will carry out the project, which aims to rehabilitate 20,265 hectares of land in the southeastern part of Riau’s Kampar Peninsula. RER secured the ecosystem restoration license from the Ministry of Forestry last May, one of just a handful of such licenses the ministry has granted since launching the program in 2004.
RER announced on Saturday that the work plan for the project had been approved and the organization would begin working in the forest within two months.
The announcement comes at a time when deforestation in Sumatra is in the international spotlight. After a highly-publicized meeting last week, Forestry Minister Zulkifli Hasan accused actor Harrison Ford, who was in Indonesia filming a documentary, of “attacking” him with questions about Indonesia’s forest policy. The brutal killing of a 22-year-old Sumatran elephant in Aceh also grabbed national and international attention, highlighting the consequences of Indonesia’s rapid industrialization and its toll on the environment.
April has been widely criticized by environmental groups such as Greenpeace, who accuse the paper giant of cutting down natural forests in Sumatra to feed its paper mills. When the company announced its Kampar Peninsula project, local environmental groups such as the Forest Rescue Network Riau (Jikalahari) called the project “greenwashing” and said the company was continuing to destroy forests in other parts of the province.
RER said the project aims to restore the ecosystem, conserve biodiversity, prevent greenhouse gas emissions and improve the well-being of local communities.
Shelter from the Storm
from Pulau Hantu
malayan water monitor holed up @ pasir ris mangrove 14Sep2013
from sgbeachbum
Defence Minister says benefits far outweigh cost of move; also reveals plans to boost air-defence capabilities
Xue Jian Yue Today Online 17 Sep 13;
SINGAPORE — The planned relocation of Paya Lebar Air Base may prove costly as it requires highly skilled expertise, but Defence Minister Ng Eng Hen said yesterday the redevelopment of the area could reap benefits that far outweigh the move.
Described by Dr Ng as a “long-term and complex undertaking” requiring “fairly intense and highly skilled engineering”, the relocation involves building a new military air base and fourth runway at Changi East at around 2030.
The Defence Ministry (Mindef) will be working closely with the Ministry of National Development (MND) for the relocation, which will free up an area bigger than Bishan and Toa Payoh for new homes, offices and factories.
“In coming in to this decision, we have worked together with MND to calculate the trade-offs,” he said.
“It all balances because the space that is released … including the height templates around it, on a net basis, it is many billions dollars’ worth of positive returns to the people of Singapore.”
The minister was replying to Member of Parliament (Nee Soon GRC) Lim Wee Kiak’s questions on the cost of the planned relocation of the air base, and how the Government will maintain the Republic of Singapore Air Force’s (RSAF) operational readiness in light of the move.
Dr Ng did not, however, say how much the planned relocation, which was announced last month, would cost.
Dr Ng also briefed the House on Singapore’s plans to upgrade its air-defence capabilities, which includes the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) buying a new missile defence system “many times more potent” than the current I-HAWK ground-based air defence system, he said.
Called the ASTER-30 Surface-to-Air Missile System, it will allow Singapore to engage multiple air-borne threats simultaneously and from a longer distance, Dr Ng explained.
The RSAF is also building a multi-layered Island Air Defence System to provide a “comprehensive shield” against airborne threats.
“This includes at the outer perimeter, our existing Gulfstream-550 Airborne Early Warning aircraft, which replaced the E2C in 2012, and significantly enhanced our early warning and air defence capabilities through its better endurance and longer range of detection,” Dr Ng said.
Together with a shorter-range air defence system called SPYDER, the long-range ASTER-30 Surface-to-Air Missile System will contribute to Singapore’s air defence shield.
The RSAF also plans to upgrade its F-16 fighters and is evaluating whether the multi-role F-35 fighter can meet Singapore’s security needs, said the Defence Minister.
Wrapping up his parliamentary reply, Dr Ng said that Mindef and the SAF had in 2011 conducted a “thorough” assessment of Singapore’s capabilities and security threats.
“We satisfied ourselves that our security would not be compromised and that relocation of Paya Lebar Air Base could take place after existing air bases at Changi East and Tengah Air Base have been expanded to accommodate relocated assets and facilities,” he added.
Today Online 17 Sep 13;
SINGAPORE — Over 10,000 claims have been made for the haze subsidy scheme introduced in June — when air quality plummeted. The scheme is aimed at helping Singaporeans cope with medical ailments resulting from the haze.
In a written reply to a parliamentary question from Dr Fatimah Lateef, Marine Parade GRC Member of Parliament, asking for an update on the scheme, Health Minister Gan Kim Yong said, under the scheme, participating general practitioner (GP) clinics have seen around 8,200 attendances for haze-related conditions, with another 2,600 at the polyclinics.
Under the scheme, Singaporeans who are elderly, children or in the lower-income group pay S$10 to see a doctor from participating GP clinics or the polyclinics, for respiratory or eye conditions due to the haze.
The rest of the bill is subsidised by the Government.
Mr Gan also said the number of participating GP clinics has steadily increased, from 200 at the inception of the scheme to more than 650 clinics today.
Straits Times 17 Sep 13;
THE Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) has in place an integrated and comprehensive food safety system based on science and risk analysis ("How safe is Pacific Ocean seafood?" by Mr Michael Loh; last Tuesday).
All food imports have to comply with our safety standards and requirements. They are subjected to regular inspections and sampling to test for a wide range of hazards known to be associated with food.
For example, wild-caught seafood products are routinely tested for a wide range of food-borne hazards such as heavy metals and radioactive contaminants.
As for the recent developments in Fukushima that Mr Loh highlighted, food products from the prefecture remain suspended.
Products such as fruits and vegetables, seafood, meat, milk and milk products imported from other prefectures are subjected to the AVA's sampling and testing to ensure they are not contaminated with radiation.
Any contaminated product will not be allowed for import into Singapore.
We have also been working closely with the Japanese authorities to ensure that only food products that are free from radionuclide contamination are allowed for export to Singapore, and that the source of the food products is traceable. For example, food products must be accompanied by a certificate of origin to identify the prefecture of origin.
The AVA is committed to ensuring that all food imported into Singapore is safe.
We reassure consumers that all seafood imports available in the Singapore market are safe for consumption, and we will continue to monitor the development and situation in Japan.
Yap Him Hoo (Dr)
Group Director, Quarantine and Inspection Group
For Chief Executive Officer
Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority
How safe is Pacific Ocean seafood?
Straits Times Forum 10 Sep 13;
RECENTLY, there has been news about how the Japanese are having difficulty preventing the radiation leak at Fukushima from entering the sea ("Seoul ban on fish from Japan"; last Saturday).
I have also read online articles of Pacific Ocean seafood being found with mild to hazardous levels of radiation. Though I am uncertain about the scientific basis of these articles, I am getting concerned.
What is the allowable level of radioactivity in seafood? Does imported seafood from the Pacific Ocean get checked for radiation?
Can the relevant authorities comment on this?
Michael Loh
Goh Chin Lian Straits Times 17 Sep 13;
THE Law Ministry will study how countries such as Japan and Finland treat the ownership of underground space as urban planners here mull over the possibility of developing Singapore's subterranean areas more extensively.
Singapore's law now assumes the owner of the surface land also owns the underground space "to a depth that is reasonably necessary for the use and enjoyment of the property", said Senior Minister of State for Law Indranee Rajah in Parliament yesterday.
But some countries, she noted, allow owners of land on the surface to have a "certain depth" of underground space for their use, while enabling deeper subterranean space to be used for underground projects.
She was replying to Mr Liang Eng Hwa, an MP in Holland-Bukit Timah GRC, who had asked for the official position on ownership of underground space.
Mr Liang's question was prompted by a blog post by National Development Minister Khaw Boon Wan earlier this month.
Mr Khaw wrote that underground space in Singapore could be exploited for a range of uses, such as transport hubs, cycling lanes, research facilities and shopping areas.
His ministry is "thinking of the possibility of developing an underground equivalent of the Master Plan" for land use, which is being updated, he had said.
Yesterday, Ms Indranee said her ministry will work with the industry and study other countries to arrive at a "sensible approach".
She assured Mr Liang that the issues he raised are being studied, such as whether new laws are needed on the rights of landowners and if future underground space would be an asset that can be mortgaged.
She said: "We will consult stakeholders and set up a sound framework for agencies to realise the vision of more space to live, work and play."
Law assumes surface land owner also owns underground space
S Ramesh Channel NewsAsia 16 Sep 13;
SINGAPORE: The law in Singapore currently assumes that the owner of surface land also owns the underground space to a depth that is reasonably necessary for the use and enjoyment of the property, said Senior Minister of State for Law Indranee Rajah.
Making the point in Parliament on Monday was Senior Minister of State for Law Indranee Rajah, who was replying to a question on developing underground space and the ownership of such space.
Ms Indranee said the Ministry of National Development's objectives are important ones and the Law Ministry will work with the industry on how these objectives can be realised.
In this context, the Ministry will also consider the experiences of other countries on what would be a sensible approach.
Ms Indranee noted that some countries allowed owners of the surface land to have a certain depth of underground space for their use, while enabling deeper subterranean space to be used for underground projects.
The Law Ministry said it will consult stakeholders and set up a sound framework for agencies to realise the vision of more space to live, work and play.
- CNA/gn
Straits Times 17 Sep 13;
EIGHT individuals will receive this year's EcoFriend awards for their work towards environmental sustainability.
Among the recipients, who were chosen from a field of 419 nominees, are a pre-school principal, the founder of green-talk series Green Drinks, and a youth leader of a movement to keep Singapore clean.
The awards will be presented at a ceremony on Sept 24, the National Environment Agency said yesterday.
Ms Susan Tan, 48, zone principal of several Kinderland pre- schools, was recognised for overseeing efforts to teach pupils not to litter, and to recycle materials such as cardboard and toilet paper rolls for craft-making.
Eco-campaigner Olivia Choong, 34, won the award for organising Green Drinks, a series of talks by representatives from the Government, non-government groups, academia, and industry on topics ranging from recycling to haze.
The other award winners are Mr Loh Yi Rong, vice-chair of the Keep Singapore Beautiful Movement youth committee; Mr Desmond Chua, general manager of Keppel Club; Mr Eden Liew, principal of ITE College East; Ms Regina Chong, chair of the Kim Seng community centre youth executive committee; Ms Lee Qian Yi, membership secretary of the Ci Yuan community centre youth executive committee; and Mr Lee Jun Wei, executive committee member of the National Youth Achievement Award gold award holders alumni.
Dyah Ayu Pitaloka Jakarta Globe 16 Sep 13;
Malang. Environmental activists continue to denounce the closure of a key turtle nesting island off East Kalimantan by the authorities, warning that thousands of endangered green sea turtles are at risk.
Conservation efforts in the island have ceased since last year after local residents drove out conservationists from the area as they demanded to manage their own conservation efforts. Residents had complained that conservation was better managed before the involvement of nongovernmental organizations.
Hiltrud Cordes, a member of the Turtle Foundation, a German NGO focusing on turtle conservation, said the organization feared that the loss of access to Sangalaki Island in the Berau Marine Conservation Area would undermine the survival prospects of the green turtle.
“We are worried that the eggs in the 3,500 nests that we usually find in Sangalaki will be poached by humans,” Cordes said, adding that each egg was usually sold at a price of Rp 8,000 (70 cents).
The Turtle Foundation has conducted several conservation efforts in the area, such as identifying the spread of female turtles during the laying period and ensuring eggs hatch in the right location.
The foundation has also conducted regular patrols in the waters and beaches along the island.
“In 2006, we used a GPS device to track the migration of our female sea turtles. The result is [that we found] the female turtles had gone looking for food in the Philippines and Malaysia. They would then return to Berau in time to lay their eggs after two to four years,” Cordes said.
She expressed fear that the local government’s move to close down Sangalaki would put the future of sea turtles in the area in serious danger.
“Results from our conservation efforts can only be monitored in the next 20 to 30 years. Mature turtles will only lay eggs after reaching the age of 20 to 30 years, from an average lifespan of 60 years,” she said.
During a recent conservation conference in Malang hosted by the group ProFauna, Matias Muchus, who represents ProFauna Indonesia, emphasized the importance of conducting a nature-based conservation effort, warning that forcing animals to reproduce outside their natural habitat would interfere with the food chain and their function in nature.
“Animals should be set free in the wild. Conservation efforts have to aim to return animals to their original habitat and maintain the balance of nature,” the activist said.
The turtles in the island face also face constant natural threats, such as from monitor lizards or humans, Cordes said.
“The natural threats include predators such as lizards and humans. Every 10 nests can produce up to 500 female adult turtles,” she said.
The foundation has been working on conserving turtles in Kalimantan since the year 2000, with a focus on three islands, namely Bilangbilangan, Mataha and Sangalaki, with the latter said to host up to 3,500 nests every year.
According to the Turtle Foundation, every nest contains approximately 100 eggs, and while most will hatch, only one hatchling will live to grow into an adult.
“For instance, if there are one million eggs from 10,000 nests, there will only be about 1,000 hatchlings,” Cordes said during the ProFauna event.
“From that number, the probability of having a female and male turtle is 50:50, so only 500 will return to Berau to lay their eggs. Male turtles never go back to the location from where they hatch,” she said.
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