Marlowe Hood, Yahoo News 12 Nov 07;
The Nobel-winning panel of world climate experts gathered here Monday to hammer out a key report as a top UN official warned that political failure to fix global warming would be "criminally irresponsible."
"The effects of climate change are being felt already," Yvo de Boer, executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), said.
"Climate change will hit hardest the poorest and most vulnerable countries. Its overall effect, however, will be felt by everyone and will in some cases threaten people's very survival."
"Failing to recognize the urgency of this message and acting on it would be nothing less than criminally irresponsible," he said.
The Valencia meeting gathers scientists, economists and other experts of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which won this year's Nobel Peace Prize alongside climate campaigner and former US president Al Gore.
"This meeting of the IPCC represents a watershed," said IPCC head Rajendra Pachauri, adding that more than 2,500 scientists from 130 countries had contributed to its findings.
The document to be issued on Saturday distills a 2,500-page, three-volume assessment issued earlier this year -- the first such review since 2001 -- into a 25-page synthesis for policymakers.
It aims to provide a compass for governments, legislators and other decision-makers on how to mitigate carbon emissions and adapt to a changing climate.
"This will be the report that everyone will turn to time and time again over the next five years to see what the science is telling us," said Hans Verolme, head of WWF's Global Climate Change Programme.
A crucial UNFCCC conference in Bali, Indonesia next month will focus world attention on how to tackle global warming.
It will touch on politically sensitive solutions ranging from carbon taxes to cap-and-trade schemes for CO2 emissions to major investment in renewable energy.
"There are ways to deal with the problem," said de Boer. "Addressing climate change is affordable, and concerted action now can avoid some of the most catastrophic projections."
"What is needed is the political will for enhanced multilateral action," he said.
Yan Hong, deputy secretary of the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), one of the IPCC's two parent bodies, said climate change bore "potential implications for world peace" by intensifying squabbles over water, food and energy.
"It could also lead to massive population resettlement, especially to urban areas that may not have capacity to shelter, feed and employ them," he said.
By 2100, global average surface temperatures could rise by between 1.1 C (1.98 F) and 6.4 C (11.52 F) compared to 1980-99 levels, the three IPCC reports issued earlier this year predicted.
Among the consequences already visible are retreating glaciers and snow loss in alpine regions, thinning Arctic summer sea ice and thawing permafrost.
Sea levels will rise by between 18 and 59 centimetres (7.2 and 23.2 inches), the experts say.
Heatwaves, flooding, drought, tropical storms and surges in sea level are among the events expected to become more frequent, more widespread and more intense this century.
None of these findings is expected to be changed by the Valencia meeting, with the main focus on the language of the policymakers' summary. The more forceful the text, the more pressure will be exerted on governments to take action.
Some scientists and environmental groups caution, though, that the IPCC report may already be out of date, as it fails to take into account recent evidence that suggests climate change is accelerating.
The December 3-14 Bali meeting of the UNFCCC will seek to set down a roadmap to deepen and accelerate emission cuts when the Kyoto Protocol runs out in 2012.
Greenhouse-gas pollution from fossil fuels is now rising so fast, especially from China, the world's No. 2 emitter, that Kyoto will not even dent the problem.
Experts to complete final climate report
By Arthur Max, Associated Press, Yahoo News 12 Nov 07
The U.N.'s top climate official challenged world policymakers Monday to map out a path to curb climate change, charging that to ignore the urgency of global warming would be "nothing less than criminally irresponsible."
Yvo de Boer issued his warning at the opening of a weeklong conference that will complete a concise guide on the state of global warming and what can be done to stop the Earth from overheating. It is the fourth and last report issued this year by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, co-winner of this year's Nobel Peace prize.
Environmentalists and authors of the report expected tense discussions on what to include and leave out of the document, which is a synthesis of thousands of scientific papers. A summary of about 25 pages will be negotiated line-by-line this week, then adopted by consensus.
The document to be issued Saturday sums up the scientific consensus on how rapidly the Earth is warming and the effects already observed; the impact it could have for billions of people; and what steps can be taken to keep the planet's temperature from rising to disastrous levels.
The IPCC already has established that the climate has begun to change because of the greenhouse gases emitted by humans, said de Boer, director of the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Everyone will feel its effects, but global warming will hit the poorest countries hardest and will "threaten the very survival" of some people, he said.
"Failing to recognize the urgency of this message and act on it would be nothing less that criminally irresponsible" and a direct attack on the world's poorest people, De Boer said.
U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon is to attend the launch of the report, which will provide the factual underpinning for a crucial meeting next month in Bali, Indonesia.
That conference will begin exploring a new global strategy to curb greenhouse gas emissions after the 2012 expiration of the first phase of the Kyoto Protocol, the landmark agreement that assigned binding reduction targets to 36 countries.
De Boer, citing agreements reached earlier this year by European and other industrial countries, said political inertia seemed to be disappearing in the lead-up to Bali. But he cautioned that governments must come up with the political will to complete a post-2012 road map.
"It will not cost the earth to save the Earth," as little as 0.1 percent of the gross global product for 30 years, said Janos Pasztor, of the U.N. Environmental Program, a parent body of the IPCC.
Pasztor said this week's report, synthesizing the three scientific reports released earlier this year, will be the one document that the thousands of delegates at Bali "will be packing in their suitcases and carrying in their back pockets."
The top IPCC leaders will be in Oslo accepting the Nobel prize on Dec. 10, just when the Bali meeting reaches its stride with the final ministerial-level meetings. But panel chairman Rajendra Pachauri said technology will enable them to stay in touch.
Pachauri called this week's meeting a "watershed" that will issue the final product of years of work by 2,500 contributing researchers and hundreds of authors who reviewed the science and organized the data.
The report will be the first to include a brief chapter on "robust findings and key uncertainties," in which the authors pick out what they believe are the most relevant certainties and doubts about climate change.
"We summarize which kind of things we are very confident in and what is much less certain. That can be quite a complex discussion," said Bert Metz, one of about 40 authors. Some delegations want to stress certain points that others would prefer to avoid, he said.
Among the uncertainties cited in an early draft obtained by The Associated Press: the lack of data from key areas of the world, conflicting studies on the effects of cloud cover and carbon soaked up by oceans, and projections on how planners in developing countries will factor climate change into their decisions.
The IPCC has already been criticized for the selectivity and language of the policy summaries, which have been softened on several points because of objections by countries including the United States, China and some big oil-producing nations such as Saudi Arabia.
On Monday, WWF International, one of several environmental groups invited to observe the process, said "governments cut vital facts and important information" during the negotiations.
Without naming them, the WWF accused governments of "politically inspired trimming" of facts from the summaries, which it said diluted the urgency to make deep cuts in emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
Scientists say the full reports on which the summaries are based, each comprising more than 1,000 pages, remain valid, and that their own presence during the discussions ensures the scientific integrity of the summaries.
De Boer said getting governments to sign off on the summaries is a critical element of the IPCC's value.
"Because those reports are adopted by governments, there is no government that can now stand up and say, 'I don't accept what's in the IPCC report.' That means that you have a common scientific base," he said in an interview Friday.
Top UN Official Warns Against Inaction on Climate
Richard Waddington, PlanetArk 13 Nov 07
VALENCIA, Spain - The United Nations' top climate official on Monday warned scientists and government officials from some 130 countries that failure to act on climate change while there was time would be "criminally irresponsible."
Addressing the UN's climate panel, joint winners of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize along with former US Vice President Al Gore, Yvo de Boer, head of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, said the message to world leaders was clear.
"Failure to recognise the urgency of this message and to act on it would be nothing less than criminally irresponsible," said de Boer.
Scientists and government officials from the 130-state Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are meeting in this Spanish port city until Nov. 17.
They aim to condense the findings of three reports they have issued this year on the causes, consequences and possible remedies for climate change into a brief summary that policy-makers can use to take decisions.
A draft circulated ahead of the conference blames human activities for rising temperatures and says cuts in greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from burning fossil fuels, are needed to avert more heat waves, melting glaciers and rising seas.
Global warming is already under way and its effects will be negative overall.
"Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level," it says.
POORER COUNTRIES SUFFER MOST
The world's poorest communities in Africa and Asia could suffer the most from climate change, the draft adds.
Such is the importance of the Valencia meeting that a previously scheduled conference of world environment ministers, now set to start in Bali, Indonesia, on Dec. 10, was delayed 10 days to give the climate panel time to finish its work.
Ministers will try to approve a two-year timetable to work out a successor to the UN's Kyoto Protocol, the main UN plan to curb warming until 2012.
The treaty obliges 36 industrial nations to cut emissions by at least 5 percent below 1990 levels by 2008-12.
A new deal would aim to involve outsiders led by the United States and China, the world's top two emitters which have no Kyoto goals.
There is still time to slow warming, the IPCC draft says, and it need not cost too much. Even the toughest targets for curbing emissions would cost less than 0.12 percent per year of world economic output.
De Boer said that earlier work of the nearly 20-year-old IPCC had been vital in preparing the way for the Kyoto treaty and now it needed to come up with a "Bali roadmap".
Politically, the signs seemed promising, with the European Union and the G8 group calling for progress and several leading developing countries announcing ambitious national plans to cut greenhouse gas emissions. "The lights seem to be on green ... inertia is disappearing," de Boer said.
But environmentalists warn that there have already been attempts by some countries to dilute some of the findings to be included in the policy-making summary, which could in turn lead to the Bali meeting being less ground-breaking than hoped. (Editing by Peter Millership)
Links
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: http://www.ipcc.ch
Read more!
Posts
visitors since Nov 07